Wang Rong, Zhang Yan-Jin
Laboratory Animal Center, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:315470. doi: 10.1155/2014/315470. Epub 2014 Jul 3.
Interferons (IFNs) are important components in innate immunity involved in the first line of defense to protect host against viral infection. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) leads to severe economic losses for swine industry since being first identified in early 1990s. PRRSV interplays with host IFN production and IFN-activated signaling, which may contribute to the delayed onset and low level of neutralizing antibodies, as well as weak cell-mediated immune response in infected pigs. PRRSV encodes several proteins that act as antagonists for the IFN signaling. In this review, we summarized the various strategies used by PRRSV to antagonize IFN production and thwart IFN-activated antiviral signaling, as well as the variable interference with IFN-mediated immune response by different PRRSV strains. Thorough understanding of the interaction between PRRSV and host innate immune response will facilitate elucidation of PRRSV pathogenesis and development of a better strategy to control PRRS.
干扰素（IFNs）是天然免疫的重要组成部分，参与宿主抵御病毒感染的第一道防线。自20世纪90年代初首次被发现以来，猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）给养猪业造成了严重的经济损失。PRRSV与宿主干扰素产生及干扰素激活的信号传导相互作用，这可能导致感染猪的中和抗体产生延迟、水平低下，以及细胞介导的免疫反应较弱。PRRSV编码多种作为干扰素信号拮抗剂的蛋白质。在本综述中，我们总结了PRRSV用于拮抗干扰素产生和阻碍干扰素激活的抗病毒信号传导的各种策略，以及不同PRRSV毒株对干扰素介导的免疫反应的不同干扰。深入了解PRRSV与宿主天然免疫反应之间的相互作用将有助于阐明PRRSV的发病机制，并制定更好的控制PRRS的策略。
