Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, 25451, Republic of Korea.
Research and Development Department, JBBIOTECH, Seoul, 08507, Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 12;14(1):27742. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-79387-y.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) poses a significant challenge in the global swine industry, leading to substantial economic losses and reproductive and respiratory complications. The causative agent, PRRS virus (PRRSV), with its high mutation rate, complicates the development of universally effective vaccines. Furthermore, current PRRS vaccines are limited by high costs and complex administration methods. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to develop an innovative Bacillus subtilis spore-based oral vaccine targeting PRRS. Their oral administration was evaluated in mice and pigs, and blood, saliva, feces, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected for further analyses. Our vaccine induced IgG and IgA immune responses in both models, with swine demonstrating considerable increase in specific antibody and cytokine levels. These results indicate a high potential for more effective and economically viable control of PRRS in commercial pig farming. The ease of administration and cost-effectiveness of the vaccine also offer a feasible option for widespread application. Our results suggest a new direction in veterinary vaccine development, underscoring the potential of B. subtilis spores in creating effective vaccines for large-scale, real-world applications in animal health management.
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）给全球养猪业带来了重大挑战，导致了巨大的经济损失和繁殖与呼吸并发症。其病原体 PRRS 病毒（PRRSV）具有高突变率，这使得开发普遍有效的疫苗变得复杂。此外，目前的 PRRS 疫苗受到高成本和复杂管理方法的限制。因此，在这项研究中，我们旨在开发一种针对 PRRS 的新型枯草芽孢杆菌孢子口服疫苗。我们评估了其在小鼠和猪中的口服给药效果，并采集了血液、唾液、粪便和支气管肺泡灌洗液样本进行进一步分析。我们的疫苗在两种模型中均诱导了 IgG 和 IgA 免疫应答，猪表现出特定抗体和细胞因子水平的显著增加。这些结果表明，该疫苗在商业养猪中对 PRRS 进行更有效和经济可行的控制具有很大潜力。疫苗的管理简便性和成本效益也为广泛应用提供了可行的选择。我们的结果为兽医疫苗的开发提供了新的方向，突出了枯草芽孢杆菌孢子在为动物健康管理中的大规模实际应用创造有效疫苗方面的潜力。
