中国东部山东省临床健康个体、孕妇和精神疾病患者中的弓蛔虫血清阳性率及相关危险因素
Toxocara seroprevalence among clinically healthy individuals, pregnant women and psychiatric patients and associated risk factors in Shandong Province, Eastern China.
作者信息
Cong Wei, Zhang Xiao-Xuan, Zhou Na, Yu Chang-Zheng, Chen Jia, Wang Xiang-Yang, Li Bing, Qian Ai-Dong, Zhu Xing-Quan
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Aug 7;8(8):e3082. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003082. eCollection 2014 Aug.
BACKGROUND
Toxocarosis is a widespread zoonosis caused by the ascarid nematodes Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati, which primarily infect dogs and cats, respectively. Most human infections with Toxocara are asymptomatic; however, some infected individuals may develop a serious illness and even death. Nevertheless, epidemiological knowledge regarding the prevalence and risks associated with Toxocara infection is limited in China. Therefore, we performed a cross-sectional pilot study and estimated the seroprevalence of Toxocara infection in humans in Shandong Province, eastern China for the first time, from June 2011 to July 2013, involving clinically healthy individuals, pregnant women and psychiatric patients, aiming to attract public attention to Toxocara infection.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPLE FINDINGS: Seroprevalence of Toxocara was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on a cross-sectional study conducted in Qingdao and Weihai, Shandong Province, eastern China. Factors potentially associated with Toxocara infection were identified by logistic regression analysis. The overall Toxocara seroprevalence among the study population (n = 2866) was 12.25%, and a significantly higher seroprevalence in psychiatric patients (16.40%, 73/445) than that in clinically healthy individuals (13.07%, 187/1431) and pregnant women (9.19%, 91/990) was revealed. Univariate analyses suggested that keeping dogs at home (OR = 0.06, 95% CI 0.05-0.08, P<0.001), contact with cats and dogs (OR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.33-0.53, P<0.001) and exposure with soil (OR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.28-0.49, P<0.001) were risk factors associated with Toxocara infection.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The present study revealed, for the first time, that human infection with Toxocara is common in eastern China, posing a significant public health concern. Increasing human and dog populations, population movements and climate change all will serve to increase the importance of this zoonosis. Further studies under controlled conditions are necessary to define potential morbidity associated with Toxocara infection.
背景
弓首蛔虫病是一种广泛传播的人畜共患病，由犬弓首蛔虫和猫弓首蛔虫这两种蛔虫线虫引起，它们主要分别感染犬类和猫类。大多数人类感染弓首蛔虫后没有症状；然而，一些感染者可能会患上重病甚至死亡。尽管如此，在中国，关于弓首蛔虫感染的患病率及相关风险的流行病学知识仍然有限。因此，我们于2011年6月至2013年7月在中国东部山东省首次开展了一项横断面试点研究，对临床健康个体、孕妇和精神疾病患者进行调查，以估算人类弓首蛔虫感染的血清阳性率，旨在引起公众对弓首蛔虫感染的关注。
方法/主要发现：在中国东部山东省青岛和威海进行的一项横断面研究中，采用酶联免疫吸附测定法确定弓首蛔虫的血清阳性率。通过逻辑回归分析确定与弓首蛔虫感染潜在相关的因素。研究人群（n = 2866）中弓首蛔虫的总体血清阳性率为12.25%，结果显示精神疾病患者的血清阳性率（16.40%，73/445）显著高于临床健康个体（13.07%，187/1431）和孕妇（9.19%，91/990）。单因素分析表明，在家养狗（比值比=0.06，95%置信区间0.05 - 0.08，P<0.001）、接触猫和狗（比值比=0.42，95%置信区间0.33 - 0.53，P<0.001）以及接触土壤（比值比=0.37，95%置信区间0.28 - 0.49，P<0.001）是与弓首蛔虫感染相关的危险因素。
结论/意义：本研究首次揭示，在中国东部，人类感染弓首蛔虫很常见，这构成了一个重大的公共卫生问题。人类和犬类数量的增加、人口流动以及气候变化都将使这种人畜共患病的重要性日益增加。有必要在可控条件下进一步开展研究，以确定与弓首蛔虫感染相关的潜在发病率。
Zotero 插件