Meyerkort C E, Oddy W H, O'Sullivan T A, Henderson J, Pennell C E
1School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
2Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
J Dev Orig Health Dis. 2012 Feb;3(1):21-31. doi: 10.1017/S2040174411000717.
Obesity has origins extending to antenatal and early postnatal periods; however, the relationship between early postnatal diet and subsequent obesity is not well defined. The aims of this study were to determine whether early childhood dietary quality was associated with (a) infant and adolescent nutrition and (b) body mass index (BMI) in childhood and adolescence. The degree to which early nutrition and growth factors determine BMI throughout childhood and adolescence was also explored. This research was conducted using the Raine Study, a longitudinal survey of Australian children assessed from mid-gestation to 17 years of age. A dietary quality index, the Raine Eating Assessment in Toddler score, was assigned to 2562 participants to assess early nutrition. Linear regression determined that breastfeeding was associated with dietary quality at 1-3 years. Dietary elements at 14 years of age were related to earlier dietary quality. There were no consistent associations between early diet and BMI at 3, 5, 8, 10, 14 or 17 years. In contrast, birth weight and infant weight gain were significantly associated with BMI at these ages. This study suggests that early dietary patterns are associated with aspects of diet in adolescence, likely reflecting the influence of maternal reporting. Birth weight and early growth appear to be more important determinants of adolescent BMI than early diet and nutrition. While optimizing early diet by maternal nutritional education has potential to influence later nutrition, interventions focussing on early weight gain may have a greater impact on the obesity epidemic.
肥胖的根源可追溯到产前和产后早期阶段；然而，产后早期饮食与随后肥胖之间的关系尚未明确界定。本研究的目的是确定儿童早期饮食质量是否与（a）婴幼儿及青少年营养状况，以及（b）儿童期和青少年期的体重指数（BMI）相关。同时还探讨了早期营养和生长因素在整个儿童期和青少年期对BMI的决定程度。本研究采用了莱恩研究（Raine Study），这是一项对澳大利亚儿童从妊娠中期到17岁进行评估的纵向调查。为2562名参与者分配了一个饮食质量指数，即幼儿期莱恩饮食评估得分，以评估早期营养状况。线性回归分析确定，母乳喂养与1至3岁时的饮食质量相关。14岁时的饮食成分与早期饮食质量有关。在3岁、5岁、8岁、10岁、14岁或17岁时，早期饮食与BMI之间没有一致的关联。相比之下，出生体重和婴儿期体重增加与这些年龄段的BMI显著相关。本研究表明，早期饮食模式与青少年时期的饮食方面相关，这可能反映了母亲报告的影响。出生体重和早期生长似乎比早期饮食和营养更能决定青少年的BMI。虽然通过母亲的营养教育优化早期饮食有可能影响后期营养，但关注早期体重增加的干预措施可能对肥胖流行有更大影响。
