Portella A K, Kajantie E, Hovi P, Desai M, Ross M G, Goldani M Z, Roseboom T J, Silveira P P
1Núcleo de Estudos da Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente (NESCA), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
2Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
J Dev Orig Health Dis. 2012 Jun;3(3):140-52. doi: 10.1017/S2040174412000062.
The fetal or early origins of adult disease hypothesis states that environmental factors, particularly nutrition, act in early life to program the risks for chronic diseases in adult life. As eating habits can be linked to the development of several diseases including obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, it could be proposed that persistent food preferences across the life-span in people who were exposed to an adverse fetal environment may partially explain their increased risk to develop metabolic disease later in life. In this paper, we grouped the clinical and experimental evidence demonstrating that the fetal environment may impact the individual's food preferences. In addition, we review the feeding preferences development and regulation (homeostatic and hedonic pathways, the role of taste/olfaction and the reward/pleasure), as well as propose mechanisms linking early life conditions to food preferences later in life. We review the evidence suggesting that in utero conditions are associated with the development of specific food preferences, which may be involved in the risk for later disease. This may have implications in terms of public health and primary prevention during early ages.
成人疾病的胎儿起源或早期起源假说指出，环境因素，尤其是营养，在生命早期发挥作用，为成年期的慢性疾病风险设定程序。由于饮食习惯可能与包括肥胖症、糖尿病和心血管疾病在内的多种疾病的发展相关联，因此可以提出，在胎儿期处于不利环境的人群中，其一生持续存在的食物偏好可能部分解释了他们日后患代谢性疾病风险增加的原因。在本文中，我们整理了临床和实验证据，证明胎儿环境可能会影响个体的食物偏好。此外，我们回顾了进食偏好的发展和调节（稳态和享乐途径、味觉/嗅觉的作用以及奖赏/愉悦感），并提出了将生命早期状况与日后食物偏好联系起来的机制。我们回顾了相关证据，这些证据表明子宫内环境与特定食物偏好的形成有关，而这些偏好可能与日后患病风险有关。这可能对早期的公共卫生和一级预防具有启示意义。
