出生体重与 6-8 岁时的饮食因素有关：儿童体育活动和营养研究（PANIC）。
Birth weight is associated with dietary factors at the age of 6-8 years: the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) study.
机构信息
1Institute of Biomedicine,Physiology, School of Medicine,University of Eastern Finland,PO Box 1627, Fin-70211Kuopio,Finland.
2Department of Pediatrics,University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital,Kuopio,Finland.
出版信息
Public Health Nutr. 2018 May;21(7):1278-1285. doi: 10.1017/S1368980017004013. Epub 2018 Feb 7.
OBJECTIVE
Low and high birth weight have been associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and CVD. Diet could partly mediate this association, e.g. by intra-uterine programming of unhealthy food preferences. We examined the association of birth weight with diet in Finnish children.
DESIGN
Birth weight standard deviation score (SDS) was calculated using national birth register data and Finnish references. Dietary factors were assessed using 4 d food records. Diet quality was defined by the Finnish Children Healthy Eating Index (FCHEI).
SETTING
The Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) study.
SUBJECTS
Singleton, full-term children (179 girls, 188 boys) aged 6-8 years.
RESULTS
Birth weight was inversely associated (standardized regression coefficient β; 95 % CI) with FCHEI (-0·15; -0·28, -0·03) in all children and in boys (-0·27; -0·45, -0·09) but not in girls (-0·01; -0·21, 0·18) after adjusting for potential confounders (P=0·044 for interaction). Moreover, higher birth weight was associated with lower fruit and berries consumption (-0·13; -0·25, 0·00), higher energy intake (0·17; 0·05, 0·29), higher sucrose intake (0·19; 0·06, 0·32) and lower fibre intake (-0·14; -0·26, -0·01). These associations were statistically non-significant after correction for multiple testing. Children with birth weight >1 SDS had higher sucrose intake (mean; 95 % CI) as a percentage of energy intake (14·3 E%; 12·6, 16·0 E%) than children with birth weight of -1 to 1 SDS (12·8 E%; 11·6, 14·0 E%) or <-1 SDS (12·4 E%; 10·8, 13·9 E%; P=0·036).
CONCLUSIONS
Higher birth weight may be associated with unhealthy diet in childhood.
目的
低出生体重和高出生体重与 2 型糖尿病和心血管疾病风险增加有关。饮食可能在一定程度上介导这种关联，例如通过宫内编程对不健康食物偏好的影响。我们研究了芬兰儿童的出生体重与饮食之间的关系。
设计
使用国家出生登记数据和芬兰参考值计算出生体重标准差评分（SDS）。使用 4 天食物记录评估饮食因素。饮食质量由芬兰儿童健康饮食指数（FCHEI）定义。
设置
儿童体育活动与营养研究（PANIC）。
受试者
179 名女孩和 188 名男孩，年龄为 6-8 岁，为单胎足月儿童。
结果
在所有儿童和男孩中，出生体重与 FCHEI 呈负相关（标准化回归系数β；95%CI）（所有儿童：-0.15；-0.28，-0.03；男孩：-0.27；-0.45，-0.09），但在女孩中没有相关性（-0.01；-0.21，0.18），调整了潜在混杂因素后（P=0.044 用于交互作用）。此外，较高的出生体重与较低的水果和浆果摄入量（-0.13；-0.25，0.00）、较高的能量摄入（0.17；0.05，0.29）、较高的蔗糖摄入量（0.19；0.06，0.32）和较低的纤维摄入量（-0.14；-0.26，-0.01）相关。在进行多次检验校正后，这些关联无统计学意义。出生体重>1 SDS 的儿童的蔗糖摄入量（平均值；95%CI）占能量摄入量的百分比（14.3%E；12.6%，16.0%E%）高于出生体重为-1 至 1 SDS（12.8%E；11.6%，14.0%E%）或<-1 SDS（12.4%E；10.8%，13.9%E%）的儿童（P=0.036）。
结论
较高的出生体重可能与儿童时期的不健康饮食有关。
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