Genovese David W, Johnson Tammy L, Lamb Ken E, Gram Wallace D
Animal Allergy and Dermatology, 1124 Lynnhaven Parkway, Virginia Beach, VA, 23452, USA.
Vet Dermatol. 2014 Dec;25(6):523-9, e89-90. doi: 10.1111/vde.12162. Epub 2014 Aug 11.
Histological and hair coat abnormalities of the alopecic sphynx cat have not been described in detail. The hairless allele (hr) in sphynx cats represents a mutation in the gene for keratin 71, a protein expressed in the inner root sheath of humans and mice.
HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: To describe the histological and dermatoscopic abnormalities of sphynx cat skin.
Skin biopsies were collected from 14 sphynx cats and five cats with normal coats. Dermatoscopic examinations were performed on 11 sphynx cats and six additional control cats.
Vertical and horizontal sections of skin biopsy samples from sphynx and control cats were reviewed. Dermatoscopic images were compared between sphynx and control cats.
Sphynx cat hair follicles were often small, curved and kinked and demonstrated infundibular hyperkeratosis and dilatation. Changes in the inner root sheath of sphynx cats included a poorly defined Henle's layer in addition to vacuolar-like changes and eosinophilic globules in Huxley's layer. Dermal papillae in sphynx cat anagen bulbs lacked the normal flame shape and were surrounded by epithelial cells arranged in a disorderly manner. The degree of follicular abnormalities varied between follicles. Follicular density was similar for both sphynx cats and control animals. Sphynx cat hair shafts were misshapen, smaller in diameter and rarely medullated. Dermatoscopy revealed similar hair coat density in sphynx and control cats.
Sphynx cats demonstrated hair follicle dysplasia, with abnormal shaft production but without a decrease in follicle quantity. Abnormalities in sphynx cat follicles are similar to those in murine KRT71 mutants and suggest abnormal hair shaft keratinization.
无毛加拿大无毛猫的组织学和毛发异常尚未得到详细描述。加拿大无毛猫的无毛等位基因（hr）代表角蛋白71基因的突变，角蛋白71是一种在人类和小鼠的内根鞘中表达的蛋白质。
假设/目的：描述加拿大无毛猫皮肤的组织学和皮肤镜异常。
从14只加拿大无毛猫和5只毛发正常的猫身上采集皮肤活检样本。对11只加拿大无毛猫和另外6只对照猫进行了皮肤镜检查。
对加拿大无毛猫和对照猫的皮肤活检样本进行垂直和水平切片观察。比较加拿大无毛猫和对照猫的皮肤镜图像。
加拿大无毛猫的毛囊通常较小、弯曲且扭结，表现为漏斗部角化过度和扩张。加拿大无毛猫内根鞘的变化包括亨勒层界限不清，以及赫胥黎层出现空泡样变化和嗜酸性小球。加拿大无毛猫生长期毛囊的真皮乳头缺乏正常的火焰形状，周围上皮细胞排列紊乱。毛囊异常程度在不同毛囊之间有所差异。加拿大无毛猫和对照动物的毛囊密度相似。加拿大无毛猫的毛干形状畸形，直径较小，很少有髓质。皮肤镜检查显示加拿大无毛猫和对照猫的毛发密度相似。
加拿大无毛猫表现出毛囊发育异常，毛干生成异常，但毛囊数量未减少。加拿大无毛猫毛囊的异常与小鼠KRT71突变体相似，提示毛干角质化异常。
