Müntener Tabitha, Schuepbach-Regula Gertraud, Frank Linda, Rüfenacht Silvia, Welle Monika M
Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Vet Dermatol. 2012 Jun;23(3):206-e44. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2012.01049.x.
Noninflammatory alopecia is a frequent problem in dogs, and the pathogenesis is still unclear.
The objective of this study was a comparative histological description of skin biopsies from dogs with different alopecic disorders and control dogs matched for coat type, season and disease duration.
Twenty-one cases of alopecia X in plush-coated dogs, 12 cases of recurrent flank alopecia, three cases of hyperestrogenism, 15 cases of hyperadrenocorticism, 12 cases of hypothyroidism and 12 cases of primary alopecic disorders of unknown cause were evaluated. The controls were biopsies from 38 dogs of different coat types.
We evaluated five serial sections of each biopsy histologically and immunohistologically to compare the histological findings within the disease groups and with the control.
All the dogs with hair cycle disorders had a significant increase in the number of hairless hair follicles, which we assigned to kenogen. In addition, dogs with alopecia X had the lowest percentage of anagen follicles and the highest percentage of telogen follicles.
The marked increase in kenogen follicles is a strong indication that the induction of the new anagen phase is impaired in hair cycle disorders. The findings in dogs with alopecia X further suggest that premature catagen is also involved in the pathogenesis. Further work to investigate the stem cell compartment and possible initiating factors for the different cycle phases is required to elucidate the exact pathogenesis.
非炎性脱毛是犬类常见问题，其发病机制仍不清楚。
本研究的目的是对不同脱毛病症犬只以及在被毛类型、季节和病程方面相匹配的对照犬只的皮肤活检样本进行组织学比较描述。
评估了21例绒毛被毛犬的脱毛X症、12例复发性胁腹脱毛、3例雌激素过多症、15例肾上腺皮质功能亢进、12例甲状腺功能减退以及12例病因不明的原发性脱毛病症病例。对照样本取自38只不同被毛类型的犬只的活检组织。
我们对每个活检样本的五组连续切片进行了组织学和免疫组织学评估，以比较疾病组内部以及与对照组之间的组织学发现。
所有患有毛发周期紊乱的犬只休止期毛囊数量显著增加，我们将其归为静止期。此外，脱毛X症犬只的生长期毛囊百分比最低，休止期毛囊百分比最高。
静止期毛囊显著增加有力表明在毛发周期紊乱中，新的生长期的诱导受到损害。脱毛X症犬只的研究结果进一步表明，提前进入退行期也参与了发病机制。需要进一步开展研究以调查干细胞区室以及不同周期阶段可能的起始因素，从而阐明确切的发病机制。
