Stanisavljevic Nemanja, Brunner Paul H
Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
Institute for Water Quality, Resource and Waste Management, Vienna University of Technology, Austria.
Waste Manag Res. 2014 Aug;32(8):733-44. doi: 10.1177/0734242X14543552. Epub 2014 Aug 11.
The novelty of this paper is the demonstration of the effectiveness of combining material flow analysis (MFA) with substance flow analysis (SFA) for decision making in waste management. Both MFA and SFA are based on the mass balance principle. While MFA alone has been applied often for analysing material flows quantitatively and hence to determine the capacities of waste treatment processes, SFA is more demanding but instrumental in evaluating the performance of a waste management system regarding the goals "resource conservation" and "environmental protection". SFA focuses on the transformations of wastes during waste treatment: valuable as well as hazardous substances and their transformations are followed through the entire waste management system. A substance-based approach is required because the economic and environmental properties of the products of waste management - recycling goods, residues and emissions - are primarily determined by the content of specific precious or harmful substances. To support the case that MFA and SFA should be combined, a case study of waste management scenarios is presented. For three scenarios, total material flows are quantified by MFA, and the mass flows of six indicator substances (C, N, Cl, Cd, Pb, Hg) are determined by SFA. The combined results are compared to the status quo in view of fulfilling the goals of waste management. They clearly point out specific differences between the chosen scenarios, demonstrating potentials for improvement and the value of the combination of MFA/SFA for decision making in waste management.
本文的新颖之处在于证明了将物质流分析（MFA）与物质流分析（SFA）相结合在废物管理决策中的有效性。MFA和SFA均基于质量平衡原理。虽然单独的MFA经常用于定量分析物质流，从而确定废物处理过程的能力，但SFA要求更高，但有助于评估废物管理系统在“资源节约”和“环境保护”目标方面的绩效。SFA关注废物处理过程中废物的转化：有价值的物质以及有害物质及其转化过程贯穿整个废物管理系统。需要采用基于物质的方法，因为废物管理产品（回收物品、残渣和排放物）的经济和环境特性主要由特定的珍贵或有害物质的含量决定。为了支持应将MFA和SFA相结合的观点，本文给出了一个废物管理情景的案例研究。对于三种情景，通过MFA对总物质流进行量化，并通过SFA确定六种指示性物质（碳、氮、氯、镉、铅、汞）的质量流。从实现废物管理目标的角度，将综合结果与现状进行比较。结果清楚地指出了所选情景之间的具体差异，展示了改进的潜力以及MFA/SFA相结合在废物管理决策中的价值。
