自然选择推动蚂蚁生命周期的进化。
Natural selection drives the evolution of ant life cycles.
作者信息
Wilson Edward O, Nowak Martin A
机构信息
Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; and
Program for Evolutionary Dynamics, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, and Department of Mathematics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Sep 2;111(35):12585-90. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1405550111. Epub 2014 Aug 11.
The genetic origin of advanced social organization has long been one of the outstanding problems of evolutionary biology. Here we present an analysis of the major steps in ant evolution, based for the first time, to our knowledge, on combined recent advances in paleontology, phylogeny, and the study of contemporary life histories. We provide evidence of the causal forces of natural selection shaping several key phenomena: (i) the relative lateness and rarity in geological time of the emergence of eusociality in ants and other animal phylads; (ii) the prevalence of monogamy at the time of evolutionary origin; and (iii) the female-biased sex allocation observed in many ant species. We argue that a clear understanding of the evolution of social insects can emerge if, in addition to relatedness-based arguments, we take into account key factors of natural history and study how natural selection acts on alleles that modify social behavior.
高度发达的社会组织的遗传起源长期以来一直是进化生物学的突出问题之一。在此，据我们所知，我们首次基于古生物学、系统发育学以及当代生活史研究的最新进展相结合，对蚂蚁进化的主要阶段进行了分析。我们提供了自然选择塑造若干关键现象的因果力的证据：（i）蚂蚁和其他动物类群中真社会性在地质时间上出现相对较晚且稀少；（ii）进化起源时一夫一妻制的普遍存在；以及（iii）在许多蚂蚁物种中观察到的雌性偏向的性别分配。我们认为，如果除了基于亲缘关系的论点之外，我们还考虑自然史的关键因素，并研究自然选择如何作用于修饰社会行为的等位基因，那么就能对社会性昆虫的进化有清晰的理解。
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