Yip Sarah W, Mei Songli, Pilver Corey E, Steinberg Marvin A, Rugle Loreen J, Krishnan-Sarin Suchitra, Hoff Rani A, Potenza Marc N
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
J Gambl Stud. 2015 Dec;31(4):1431-1447. doi: 10.1007/s10899-014-9494-x.
Elevated levels of both pathological gambling (PG) and problem shopping (PS) have been reported among adolescents, and each is associated with a range of other negative health/functioning measures. However, relationships between PS and PG, particularly during adolescence, are not well understood. In this study, we explored the relationship between different levels of problem-gambling severity and health/functioning characteristics, gambling-related social experiences, gambling behaviors and motivations among adolescents with and without at-risk/problematic shopping (ARPS). Survey data from Connecticut high school students (n = 2,100) were analyzed using bivariate analyses and logistic regression modeling. Although at-risk/problematic gambling (ARPG) was not increased among adolescents with ARPS, adolescents with ARPG (vs non-gamblers) were more likely to report having experienced a growing tension or anxiety that could only be relieved by shopping and missing other obligations due to shopping. In comparison to the non-ARPS group, a smaller proportion of respondents in the ARPS group reported paid part-time employment, whereas a greater proportion of respondents reported excessive gambling by peers and feeling concerned over the gambling of a close family member. In general, similar associations between problem-gambling severity and measures of health/functioning and gambling-related behaviors and motivations were observed across ARPS and non-ARPS adolescents. However, associations were weaker among ARPS adolescents for several variables: engagement in extracurricular activities, alcohol and caffeine use and gambling for financial reasons. These findings suggest a complex relationship between problem-gambling severity and ARPS. They highlight the importance of considering co-occurring risk behaviors such as ARPS when treating adolescents with at-risk/problem gambling.
据报道,青少年中病态赌博(PG)和问题购物(PS)的水平都有所升高,且二者均与一系列其他负面健康/功能指标相关。然而,PS与PG之间的关系,尤其是在青少年时期,人们还了解得不够充分。在本研究中,我们探讨了有/无风险/问题购物(ARPS)的青少年中,不同程度的问题赌博严重程度与健康/功能特征、与赌博相关的社会经历、赌博行为及动机之间的关系。使用双变量分析和逻辑回归模型对康涅狄格州高中生(n = 2100)的调查数据进行了分析。虽然有ARPS的青少年中风险/问题赌博(ARPG)并未增加,但有ARPG的青少年(与非赌博者相比)更有可能报告经历过一种只有通过购物才能缓解的日益加剧的紧张或焦虑,以及因购物而错过其他义务。与非ARPS组相比,ARPS组中报告有兼职工作的受访者比例较小,而报告有同龄人过度赌博以及对近亲赌博感到担忧的受访者比例较大。总体而言,在有/无ARPS的青少年中,问题赌博严重程度与健康/功能指标以及与赌博相关的行为和动机之间观察到了类似的关联。然而,在ARPS青少年中,几个变量之间的关联较弱:参与课外活动、饮酒和咖啡因摄入以及出于经济原因赌博。这些发现表明问题赌博严重程度与ARPS之间存在复杂的关系。它们凸显了在治疗有风险/问题赌博的青少年时考虑诸如ARPS等并发风险行为的重要性。