邻里劣势与青少年物质使用之间关系中的种族/民族差异。
Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Relationship Between Neighborhood Disadvantage and Adolescent Substance Use.
作者信息
Fagan Abigail A, Wright Emily M, Pinchevsky Gillian M
机构信息
Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA.
University of Nebraska at Omaha, USA.
出版信息
J Drug Issues. 2013 Jan;43(1):69-84. doi: 10.1177/0022042612462218.
Abstract
Although social disorganization theory hypothesizes that neighborhood characteristics influence youth delinquency, the impact of neighborhood disadvantage on adolescent substance use and racial/ethnic differences in this relationship have not been widely investigated. The present study examines these issues using longitudinal data from 1,856 African American, Hispanic, and Caucasian adolescents participating in the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN). The results indicated that neighborhood disadvantage did not significantly increase the likelihood of substance use for the full sample. When relationships were analyzed by race/ethnicity, one significant ( ≤ .10) effect was found; disadvantage increased alcohol use among African Americans only. The size of this effect differed significantly between African American and Hispanic youth. In no other cases did race/ethnicity moderate the impact of disadvantage on substance use. These results suggest that disadvantage is not a strong predictor of adolescent substance use, although other features of the neighborhood may affect such behaviors.
摘要
尽管社会失序理论假设邻里特征会影响青少年犯罪，但邻里劣势对青少年物质使用的影响以及这种关系中的种族/族裔差异尚未得到广泛研究。本研究使用来自参与芝加哥邻里人类发展项目（PHDCN）的1856名非裔美国、西班牙裔和白种青少年的纵向数据来考察这些问题。结果表明，邻里劣势并未显著增加整个样本中物质使用的可能性。当按种族/族裔分析关系时，发现了一个显著（≤.10）效应；劣势仅增加了非裔美国人的酒精使用。这种效应的大小在非裔美国青少年和西班牙裔青少年之间存在显著差异。在其他任何情况下，种族/族裔都没有调节劣势对物质使用的影响。这些结果表明，劣势并不是青少年物质使用的有力预测因素，尽管邻里的其他特征可能会影响此类行为。
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