McCauley Ohannessian Christine
a Children's Center for Community Research, Connecticut Children's Medical Center , University of Connecticut School of Medicine , Hartford , Connecticut , USA.
Subst Abus. 2014;35(4):418-25. doi: 10.1080/08897077.2014.953663.
The primary goal of this study was to examine the relationship between anxiety symptomatology and substance use (alcohol use and drug use) during adolescence, systematically by gender and race/ethnicity.
Self-report surveys were administered to 905 15-17-year-old adolescents (54% girls) in the spring of 2007.
RESULTS from multiple group analyses indicated that the relationship between anxiety and substance use differs by gender and race/ethnicity. For Caucasian and African American boys, higher levels of social anxiety and separation anxiety were related to less substance use. In contrast, higher levels of generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder were associated with more substance use for African American boys. The pattern was much less striking for girls. For Caucasian girls, higher levels of significant school avoidance were linked to more substance use, and consistent with the results for boys, higher levels of separation anxiety were associated with less substance use. None of the anxiety disorders were related to substance use for African American girls or Hispanic girls or boys.
Findings from this study highlight the need to distinguish between different anxiety disorders. In addition, they underscore the importance of considering both gender and race/ethnicity when examining the relationship between anxiety and substance use during adolescence.
本研究的主要目的是按性别和种族/民族系统地考察青少年期焦虑症状与物质使用（酒精使用和药物使用）之间的关系。
2007年春季对905名15 - 17岁青少年（54%为女孩）进行了自我报告调查。
多组分析结果表明，焦虑与物质使用之间的关系因性别和种族/民族而异。对于白人和非裔美国男孩，社交焦虑和分离焦虑水平较高与物质使用较少有关。相比之下，广泛性焦虑障碍和惊恐障碍水平较高与非裔美国男孩更多的物质使用有关。女孩的情况则不太明显。对于白人女孩，较高水平的显著逃学与更多的物质使用有关，并且与男孩的结果一致，较高水平的分离焦虑与较少的物质使用有关。对于非裔美国女孩、西班牙裔女孩或男孩，没有一种焦虑症与物质使用有关。
本研究结果强调了区分不同焦虑症的必要性。此外，它们强调了在考察青少年期焦虑与物质使用之间的关系时考虑性别和种族/民族的重要性。
