北爱尔兰奶牛和肉牛群中牛疱疹病毒 1 型和牛病毒性腹泻病毒的群体血清阳性率和免疫情况。
Aspects of bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine viral diarrhoea virus herd-level seroprevalence and vaccination in dairy and beef herds in Northern Ireland.
机构信息
MSD Animal Health, Red Oak North, South County Business Park, Leopardstown, Dublin 18, Ireland.
Animal Health Ireland, Main Street, Carrick-on-Shannon, Co. Leitrim, Ireland.
出版信息
Ir Vet J. 2014 Aug 15;67(1):18. doi: 10.1186/2046-0481-67-18. eCollection 2014.
BACKGROUND
Infections with bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) and bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus cause diseases of cattle with a worldwide distribution. The primary objective of the present study was to describe aspects of herd-level BoHV-1 and BVDV seroprevalence (based on testing of pooled sera) and control on farms in Northern Ireland, including vaccine usage. An indirect antibody ELISA test (SVANOVA, Biotech AB, Uppsala, Sweden) was applied to serum pools which were constructed from serum samples taken for a cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of 500 Northern Irish dairy and beef cow herds in 2010, for which vaccination status was determined by telephone survey. The herd-level seroprevalence of BoHV-1 and BVDV in Northern Ireland was estimated in non-vaccinating herds and associations between possible risk factors (herd type and herd size (quartiles)) and herd-level prevalence were determined using chi-squared analysis.
RESULTS
The herd-level seroprevalence (of BoHV-1 and BVDV) in non-vaccinating herds was 77.3% (95% CI: 73.6-80.9%) and 98.4% (95% CI: 97.3-99.5%) respectively in the cross-sectional study. A significant difference existed in BoHV-1 herd-level seroprevalence between dairy and beef herds (74.7% vs 86.5% respectively; p < 0.02) though not for BVDV seroprevalence (98.5% vs 98.3% respectively; p > 0.91). A significant association was found between herd size (quartiles) and herd-level classification for BoHV-1 herd-level seroprevalence based on cut-off percentage positivity (COPP) (p < 0.01) while no such association was found for BVDV (p = 0.22). 15.5% and 23.8% of farmers used BoHV-1 and BVDV vaccines, respectively. BoHV-1 vaccine was used in 30% of dairy herds and in 11% of beef herds, while BVDV vaccine was used in 46% and 16% of dairy and beef herds, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The results from this study indicate that the true herd-level seroprevalences to bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine virus diarrhoea virus in non-vaccinating herds in Northern Northern Ireland are 77.3% (95% CI: 73.6-80.9%) and 98.4% (95% CI: 97.3-99.5%), respectively. The present study will assist in guiding regional policy development and establish a baseline against which the progress of current and future control and eradication programmes can be measured.
背景
牛疱疹病毒 1 型（BoHV-1）和牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVD）的感染可导致牛的疾病，这些疾病在全球范围内都有发生。本研究的主要目的是描述北爱尔兰农场中 BoHV-1 和 BVDV 血清流行率（基于混合血清检测）和控制方面的情况，包括疫苗使用情况。采用间接抗体 ELISA 试验（SVANOVA，Biotech AB，Uppsala，瑞典）对 2010 年进行的一项便利抽样的 500 个北爱尔兰奶牛和肉牛场的横断面研究中的血清样本进行血清池构建，通过电话调查确定疫苗接种状态。采用卡方分析确定了可能的风险因素（畜群类型和畜群规模（四分位数））与畜群水平流行率之间的关系。
结果
非接种畜群的 BoHV-1 和 BVDV 血清流行率（BoHV-1 和 BVDV）分别为 77.3%（95%CI：73.6-80.9%）和 98.4%（95%CI：97.3-99.5%）。奶牛和肉牛畜群的 BoHV-1 血清流行率存在显著差异（分别为 74.7%和 86.5%；p<0.02），但 BVDV 血清流行率无差异（分别为 98.5%和 98.3%；p>0.91）。在 BoHV-1 基于阳性百分比临界点（COPP）的畜群水平分类中，发现畜群规模（四分位数）与畜群水平分类之间存在显著关联（p<0.01），而 BVDV 则不存在这种关联（p=0.22）。分别有 15.5%和 23.8%的农民使用了 BoHV-1 和 BVDV 疫苗。BoHV-1 疫苗在 30%的奶牛畜群中使用，在 11%的肉牛畜群中使用，而 BVDV 疫苗在 46%和 16%的奶牛和肉牛畜群中使用。
结论
本研究结果表明，北爱尔兰非接种畜群中 BoHV-1 和 BVDV 的真实畜群血清流行率分别为 77.3%（95%CI：73.6-80.9%）和 98.4%（95%CI：97.3-99.5%）。本研究将有助于指导区域政策制定，并建立一个基准，以衡量当前和未来控制和根除计划的进展。
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