Saha Soma, Gupta Kinnari, Kumar Soumitra
J Indian Med Assoc. 2013 Dec;111(12):810-4, 816.
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of adult mortality in India but data on the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors are scarce, especially from North-east region of India. This study aims to assess the prevalence and the urban/tribal gradient of cardiovascular disease risk factors among healthy population of Tripura. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 238 healthy individuals (140 urban and 98 tribal) in one urban and five tribal areas of Tripura. Data was collected on sociodemographic profile, medical history, anthropometry, dietary patterns and addiction. Fasting blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors and short-term cardiovascular disease risk score was calculated. The association of independent variables with 10-year cardiovascular disease risk score were examined by using multiple regression model. Prevalence of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, metabolic syndrome and short-term cardiovascular disease risk score were higher in urban group. Urban people had higher salt, calories and fat intake. No difference was found in the addiction patterns of tobacco and alcohol but frequency and quantity being higher in tribal area. Dyslipidaemia and alcohol consumption showed significant positive association with 10-year cardiovascular disease risk score in both groups. While the non-sedentary lifestyle and dietary habits (low salt, low fat, carbohydrate predominant) of tribal population need to be promoted as a whole across the nation, they need to be protected from the adverse effects of rampant prevalence of tobacco and alcohol addiction among them. Urban population need to be extricated from adverse effects of sedentary lifestyle, modern food habits (high salt, high fat) and tobacco-alcohol addiction.
心血管疾病是印度成年人死亡的主要原因，但关于心血管危险因素患病率的数据却很匮乏，尤其是来自印度东北地区的数据。本研究旨在评估特里普拉邦健康人群中心血管疾病危险因素的患病率以及城市/部落差异。在特里普拉邦的一个城市地区和五个部落地区对238名健康个体（140名城市居民和98名部落居民）进行了一项横断面研究。收集了社会人口学特征、病史、人体测量学、饮食模式和成瘾情况的数据。采集空腹血样进行生化分析。计算心血管疾病危险因素的患病率和短期心血管疾病风险评分。使用多元回归模型检验自变量与10年心血管疾病风险评分的关联。城市组中肥胖、高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、代谢综合征和短期心血管疾病风险评分的患病率更高。城市居民的盐、热量和脂肪摄入量更高。在烟草和酒精成瘾模式方面未发现差异，但部落地区的频率和数量更高。两组中血脂异常和饮酒与10年心血管疾病风险评分均呈显著正相关。虽然部落人群的非久坐生活方式和饮食习惯（低盐、低脂、以碳水化合物为主）需要在全国范围内整体推广，但他们需要免受其中普遍存在的烟草和酒精成瘾的不利影响。城市人口需要摆脱久坐生活方式、现代饮食习惯（高盐、高脂肪）和烟草酒精成瘾的不利影响。
