Dachew Berihun Assefa, Tesfahunegn Tadis Brhane, Birhanu Anteneh Messele
University of Gondar, College of medicine and Health science, Institute of public health, Department of Epidemiology and Bio-statistics, P,O, Box: 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Public Health. 2014 Aug 26;14:875. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-875.
The efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in suppressing viral replication and delaying the progress of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is related to optimal adherence. Adherence is a challenge in all HIV infected people on ART. It is especially a concern in children because of factors relating to children such as age, disclosure status of HIV sero status, and understanding of the medication. This study assessed the level of adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy and its associated factors among children in Gondar University Hospital and Gondar Poly Clinic, Northwest Ethiopia.
Institutionally based cross-sectional study design was conducted from January-to March 2012. Simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants and a total of 342 study subjects were included in the study. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify associated factors with adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy. Odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were computed to determine the level of significance.
The overall ART adherence among children was found to be 90.4%. Age of the child [AOR = 0.37 (95% CI: 0.31, 0.46)], disclosure of the child's HIV status to the child [AOR = 0.27 (95% CI: 0.24, 0.32)], and knowledge of caregivers about ART medication [AOR = 4.7 (95% CI (3.7, 5.6)], were independently associated with adherence.
Adherence rate to ART was found to be high. Disclosure of the child's HIV sero status to the child, the age of the child and the knowledge of the caregivers towards ART were factors associated with adherence.
抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）在抑制病毒复制和延缓获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）进展方面的疗效与最佳依从性相关。依从性是所有接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV感染者面临的一项挑战。由于与儿童相关的因素，如年龄、HIV血清学状态的披露情况以及对药物的理解，这在儿童中尤其令人担忧。本研究评估了埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔大学医院和贡德尔综合诊所儿童对高效抗逆转录病毒疗法的依从水平及其相关因素。
2012年1月至3月进行了基于机构的横断面研究设计。采用简单随机抽样技术选择研究参与者，共有342名研究对象纳入研究。进行双变量和多变量逻辑回归以确定与高效抗逆转录病毒疗法依从性相关的因素。计算95%置信区间的比值比以确定显著性水平。
发现儿童的总体抗逆转录病毒疗法依从率为90.4%。儿童年龄[AOR = 0.37（95%CI：0.31，0.46）]、向儿童披露其HIV状态[AOR = 0.27（95%CI：0.24，0.32）]以及照顾者对抗逆转录病毒疗法药物的了解[AOR = 4.7（95%CI（3.7，5.6）]与依从性独立相关。
发现抗逆转录病毒疗法的依从率很高。向儿童披露其HIV血清学状态、儿童年龄以及照顾者对抗逆转录病毒疗法的了解是与依从性相关的因素。
