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理想权利:印度及其他地区的同性性取向、社会经济变革、全球流动与边界

Desirable rights: same-sex sexual subjectivities, socio-economic transformations, global flows and boundaries--in India and beyond.

作者信息

Boyce Paul

机构信息

a Department of Anthropology , School of Global Studies, University of Sussex , Falmer , UK.

出版信息

Cult Health Sex. 2014;16(10):1201-15. doi: 10.1080/13691058.2014.944936. Epub 2014 Aug 27.

Abstract

Sexual rights are increasingly and unevenly advanced internationally as constitutive of progressive legal possibilities for same-sex desiring subjects. Legislative progress in this area has taken place in the context of recognition of same-sex sexual subjects within the globalising flow of neo-liberal political-economic ideologies in some parts of the word, and resurgent homophobia as a countervailing trend elsewhere (or indeed even within the same context). Ambivalent responses to sexual rights praxis in people's day-to-day lives indicate complex relationships between sexual subjectivity, economy, law, the state, and people's most intimate aspirations. Rights on grounds of same-sex sexualities may or may not be perceived as universally desirable, even among those people who might otherwise be imagined as their beneficiaries. Given this, the relationship between sexual subjectivities, political economies, and rights must be understood in terms of multifaceted refractions, attending to generative and curtailing possibilities--imagined in people's differing responses to free-market capital, legislation, and possibilities for livelihood. These issues are explored in respect of ethnographic work in West Bengal, India, with a particular focus on male-bodied subjects who evince both masculine and feminine subjectivities, and in respect of recent contestations in law, polity, and sexual rights praxis.

摘要

作为同性欲望主体进步法律可能性的组成部分,性权利在国际上得到了越来越多但不均衡的推进。这一领域的立法进展是在世界某些地区新自由主义政治经济意识形态全球化进程中承认同性性主体的背景下发生的,而在其他地方(甚至在同一背景下),恐同情绪死灰复燃成为一种抵消趋势。人们在日常生活中对性权利实践的矛盾反应表明了性主体性、经济、法律、国家以及人们最私密愿望之间的复杂关系。基于同性性取向的权利可能被视为普遍可取,也可能不被视为普遍可取,即使在那些原本可能被视为其受益者的人群中也是如此。鉴于此,必须从多方面折射的角度来理解性主体性、政治经济和权利之间的关系,关注在人们对自由市场资本、立法和生计可能性的不同反应中所设想的生成性和限制性可能性。本文结合印度西孟加拉邦的人种志研究对这些问题进行探讨,特别关注展现出男性气质和女性气质的男性主体,以及近期在法律、政治和性权利实践方面的争议。

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