Peritoneal ultrafiltration and fluid reabsorption during peritoneal dialysis.

Peritoneal ultrafiltration and fluid reabsorption characteristics for 18 patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) were investigated in single dwell studies of 6 h duration with 21 of 3.86% glucose dialysis fluid. Dialysate volumes were determined in situ using radioiodinated serum albumin (RISA) as volume marker with a correction applied for the total elimination of RISA from the peritoneal cavity. The RISA elimination rate was calculated as 2.1 +/- 0.5 ml/min. The true dialysate volume after 360 min was on average 28% less than the apparent volume calculated without correction for the elimination of RISA. The mean maximum true volume plus sampling losses was 3255 ml at 240 min, corresponding to a mean net ultrafiltration volume of 762 ml between 3 min and 240 min. The mean net fluid reabsorption rate between 240 min and 360 min was 1.2 +/- 0.7 ml/min. This study of standard dialysate volume/time curves in clinically stable CAPD patients using hypertonic dialysis fluid shows that about 90% of the total net ultrafiltration is achieved during the first 90 min of the dwell. After an extended period of dialysate isovolaemia, usually lasting as long as between 120 min and 240 min, fluid reabsorption is observed in all patients.