Rocha C F D, Vrcibradic D, Kiefer M C, Menezes V A, Fontes A F, Hatano F H, Galdino C A B, Bergallo H G, Van Sluys M
Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro ? UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro ? UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Braz J Biol. 2014 May;74(2):349-54. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.18712.
Habitat fragmentation is well known to adversely affect species living in the remaining, relatively isolated, habitat patches, especially for those having small range size and low density. This negative effect has been critical in coastal resting habitats. We analysed the lizard composition and richness of restinga habitats in 16 restinga habitats encompassing three Brazilian states (Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo and Bahia) and more than 1500km of the Brazilian coast in order to evaluate if the loss of lizard species following habitat reduction occur in a nested pattern or at random, using the "Nestedness Temperature Calculator" to analyse the distribution pattern of lizard species among the restingas studied. We also estimated the potential capacity that each restinga has to maintain lizard species. Eleven lizard species were recorded in the restingas, although not all species occurred in all areas. The restinga with the richest lizard fauna was Guriri (eight species) whereas the restinga with the lowest richness was Praia do Sul (located at Ilha Grande, a large coastal island). Among the restingas analysed, Jurubatiba, Guriri, Maricá and Praia das Neves, were the most hospitable for lizards. The matrix community temperature of the lizard assemblages was 20.49° (= P <0.00001; 5000 randomisations; randomisation temperature = 51.45° ± 7.18° SD), indicating that lizard assemblages in the coastal restingas exhibited a considerable nested structure. The degree in which an area is hospitable for different assemblages could be used to suggest those with greater value of conservation. We concluded that lizard assemblages in coastal restingas occur at a considerable level of ordination in restinga habitats and that some restinga areas such as Jurubatiba, Guriri, Maricá and Praia das Neves are quite important to preserve lizard diversity of restinga environments.
众所周知，栖息地破碎化会对生活在剩余相对孤立的栖息地斑块中的物种产生不利影响，尤其是对于那些分布范围小且密度低的物种。这种负面影响在沿海的休息栖息地中尤为严重。我们分析了巴西三个州（里约热内卢、圣埃斯皮里图和巴伊亚）的16个休息栖息地中蜥蜴的组成和丰富度，这些栖息地覆盖了巴西海岸超过1500公里的区域，以评估栖息地减少后蜥蜴物种的丧失是否以嵌套模式或随机方式发生，我们使用“嵌套温度计算器”来分析蜥蜴物种在研究的休息栖息地中的分布模式。我们还估计了每个休息栖息地维持蜥蜴物种的潜在能力。在休息栖息地中记录到了11种蜥蜴，尽管并非所有物种都出现在所有区域。蜥蜴动物群最丰富的休息栖息地是古里里（有8种），而丰富度最低的休息栖息地是南普拉亚（位于大沿海岛屿伊利亚格兰德）。在分析的休息栖息地中，茹鲁巴蒂巴、古里里、马里卡和内维斯海滩对蜥蜴最适宜。蜥蜴群落的基质群落温度为20.49°（=P<0.00001；5000次随机化；随机化温度=51.45°±7.18°标准差），这表明沿海休息栖息地中的蜥蜴群落呈现出相当明显的嵌套结构。一个地区对不同群落的适宜程度可用于确定那些具有更高保护价值的地区。我们得出结论，沿海休息栖息地中的蜥蜴群落在休息栖息地中呈现出相当程度的排序，并且一些休息栖息地，如茹鲁巴蒂巴·古里里、马里卡和内维斯海滩，对于保护休息栖息地环境中的蜥蜴多样性非常重要。
