Lee W J, Patel U
Department of Radiology, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York 11042.
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 1989;12(6):329-33. doi: 10.1007/BF02575432.
The universal stent is primarily a ureteral stent that also permits optional nephrostomy drainage. The complications associated with universal stent placement were analyzed with respect to the underlying pathology. The major complications included stent-induced ureteral stricture in 2 patients, and stent migration requiring emergency repositioning in 2 patients. Stent malfunction due to stent migration or occlusion, and bladder irritation were frequent also.