Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Neipu, Pingtung, Taiwan.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015 Aug;29(8):1631-5. doi: 10.1111/jdv.12664. Epub 2014 Sep 1.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrine disorder and an increasing epidemic worldwide. Proportional diabetic patients eventually develop cutaneous diseases.
This study determined the statistical association of cutaneous manifestations and DM as well as the DM-associated cutaneous manifestations in elderly male residents.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in a Veterans Home in Taiwan. The cutaneous manifestations and major systemic diseases of the residents were recorded separately. Univariate logistic regression and multivariate analysis after adjustment for age, body mass index and significant major systemic diseases provided odds ratios and P values for the statistical association.
A total of 313 male residents (age ≥65 years) were recruited, including 70 (22.4%) with DM. Their most common cutaneous manifestations included fungal infection (77%) and brown spots on the legs (38.3%). Chronic ulcers adjusted odds ratios (AOR 4.90, 95%CI: 1.82-13.19; P = 0.002), brown spots on the legs (AOR 6.82, 95%CI: 3.60-12.89; P < 0.001) and pruritus (AOR 12.86, 95%CI: 4.40-37.59; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with DM. The diabetic residents were inclined to have chronic ulcers, brown spots on the legs and pruritus at a 7.46-fold higher risk (AOR 7.46, 95%CI: 3.86-14.43; P < 0.001). The diabetic residents exhibited marginally higher risks of bacterial infection, scabies, or skin tags.
The DM-associated cutaneous manifestations were chronic ulcers, brown spots on the legs, and pruritus. By observing clues of diabetic cutaneous features, a more complete condition of diabetic patients can be appreciated. The information is essential for providing appropriate treatment and key nursing points regarding the diabetes-associated skin diseases.
糖尿病（DM）是一种常见的内分泌疾病，也是全球日益流行的疾病。比例相当的糖尿病患者最终会发展为皮肤疾病。
本研究旨在确定皮肤表现与 DM 的统计学关联，以及老年男性居民中与 DM 相关的皮肤表现。
在台湾的一家退伍军人之家进行了一项横断面研究。分别记录居民的皮肤表现和主要系统疾病。单变量逻辑回归和调整年龄、体重指数和显著的主要系统疾病后的多变量分析，为统计关联提供了比值比和 P 值。
共招募了 313 名年龄≥65 岁的男性居民，其中 70 人（22.4%）患有糖尿病。他们最常见的皮肤表现包括真菌感染（77%）和腿部褐色斑点（38.3%）。慢性溃疡的调整比值比（AOR 4.90，95%CI：1.82-13.19；P=0.002）、腿部褐色斑点（AOR 6.82，95%CI：3.60-12.89；P<0.001）和瘙痒（AOR 12.86，95%CI：4.40-37.59；P<0.001）与 DM 显著相关。患有糖尿病的居民发生慢性溃疡、腿部褐色斑点和瘙痒的风险增加 7.46 倍（AOR 7.46，95%CI：3.86-14.43；P<0.001）。糖尿病患者发生细菌感染、疥疮或皮肤标签的风险略高。
与 DM 相关的皮肤表现为慢性溃疡、腿部褐色斑点和瘙痒。通过观察糖尿病皮肤特征的线索，可以更好地了解糖尿病患者的整体状况。这些信息对于提供适当的治疗和与糖尿病相关的皮肤疾病的关键护理要点至关重要。
