Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Ernst Chain Building, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2014 Dec;29:10-6. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2014.08.009. Epub 2014 Sep 1.
The extracellular matrix critically controls cell behaviour. Many cell-matrix interactions are mediated by transmembrane receptors of the integrin family. In the last two years, the structural changes resulting from ligand binding to integrins α5β1, αvβ3 and αIIbβ3 have been mapped in unprecedented detail. The structure of integrin αXβ2 has revealed how ligand binding to the α I domain is transmitted to the rest of the ectodomain. The structural characterisation of the cytosolic regulator talin has been continued, revealing how the integrin binding site is blocked in auto-inhibited talin. Finally, structures of the discoidin domain receptors DDR1 and DDR2 have begun to reveal how these atypical receptor tyrosine kinases become activated by the major matrix component collagen.
细胞外基质对细胞行为起着至关重要的作用。许多细胞-基质相互作用是由整合素家族的跨膜受体介导的。在过去的两年中，整合素 α5β1、αvβ3 和 αIIbβ3 配体结合引起的结构变化已经被以前所未有的细节描绘出来。整合素 αXβ2 的结构揭示了配体与α I 结构域的结合如何传递到整个胞外结构域。细胞溶质调节剂 talin 的结构特征研究仍在继续，揭示了整合素结合位点如何在自动抑制 talin 中被阻断。最后，盘状结构域受体 DDR1 和 DDR2 的结构开始揭示这些非典型受体酪氨酸激酶如何被主要的基质成分胶原蛋白激活。
