Sharma Andrea J, Dee Deborah L, Harden Samantha M
US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Atlanta, Georgia; Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; and
US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Atlanta, Georgia; Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; and.
Pediatrics. 2014 Sep;134 Suppl 1(0 1):S42-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-0646H.
There is a dearth of information on the long-term maternal effects of breastfeeding. The objective of this study was to examine adherence to breastfeeding recommendations of exclusive breastfeeding for ≥4 months and continuation of breastfeeding for ≥1 year and maternal weight retention 6 years after delivery.
Using data from the Infant Feeding Practices Study II (IFPS II), we categorized women by the degree to which they met breastfeeding recommendations. Mothers' self-reported weight 6 years after delivery (IFPS Year 6 Follow-Up) was compared with self-reported prepregnancy weight from IFPS II. Using linear regression models, adjusting for covariates, we examined associations between breastfeeding recommendation adherence and weight retention.
Of the 726 women in our study, 17.9% never breastfed. Among those who initiated breastfeeding, 29.0% breastfed exclusively for ≥4 months, and 20.3% breastfed exclusively for ≥4 months and continued breastfeeding for ≥12 months. Prepregnancy BMI modified the association between breastfeeding recommendation adherence and weight retention. Adjusting for covariates, we found no association between breastfeeding recommendations adherence and weight retention among normal and overweight mothers. Among obese mothers, there was a significant linear trend (P = .03), suggesting that those who fully adhered to breastfeeding recommendations retained less weight (-8.0 kg) than obese women who never breastfed.
This study suggests that improving adherence to breastfeeding recommendations may help reduce long-term maternal weight retention among obese mothers. Larger studies, with diverse populations and similar longitudinal designs, are needed to explore this relationship.
关于母乳喂养对母亲的长期影响，目前缺乏相关信息。本研究的目的是调查对母乳喂养建议的遵循情况，即纯母乳喂养≥4个月以及产后持续母乳喂养≥1年，并调查产后6年母亲的体重保留情况。
利用婴儿喂养实践研究II（IFPS II）的数据，我们根据女性对母乳喂养建议的符合程度对她们进行分类。将母亲在产后6年（IFPS第6年随访）自我报告的体重与IFPS II中自我报告的孕前体重进行比较。使用线性回归模型，并对协变量进行调整，我们研究了母乳喂养建议遵循情况与体重保留之间的关联。
在我们研究的726名女性中，17.9%从未进行过母乳喂养。在开始母乳喂养的女性中，29.0%纯母乳喂养≥4个月，20.3%纯母乳喂养≥4个月且持续母乳喂养≥12个月。孕前体重指数改变了母乳喂养建议遵循情况与体重保留之间的关联。在对协变量进行调整后，我们发现正常体重和超重母亲的母乳喂养建议遵循情况与体重保留之间没有关联。在肥胖母亲中，存在显著的线性趋势（P = .03），这表明完全遵循母乳喂养建议的母亲比从未母乳喂养的肥胖女性体重保留更少（-8.0千克）。
本研究表明，提高对母乳喂养建议的遵循程度可能有助于减少肥胖母亲的长期体重保留。需要开展更大规模的研究，纳入不同人群并采用类似的纵向设计，以探究这种关系。
