Baulcombe David C, Dean Caroline
Department of Plant Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom.
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2014 Sep 2;6(9):a019471. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a019471.
In this article, we review environmentally mediated epigenetic regulation in plants using two case histories. One of these, vernalization, mediates adaptation of plants to different environments and it exemplifies processes that are reset in each generation. The other, virus-induced silencing, involves transgenerationally inherited epigenetic modifications. Heritable epigenetic marks may result in heritable phenotypic variation, influencing fitness, and so be subject to natural selection. However, unlike genetic inheritance, the epigenetic modifications show instability and are influenced by the environment. These two case histories are then compared with other phenomena in plant biology that are likely to represent epigenetic regulation in response to the environment.
在本文中,我们通过两个实例来综述植物中环境介导的表观遗传调控。其中一个实例是春化作用,它介导植物对不同环境的适应,并且例证了在每一代中都会重置的过程。另一个实例是病毒诱导的沉默,它涉及跨代遗传的表观遗传修饰。可遗传的表观遗传标记可能导致可遗传的表型变异,影响适合度,因此会受到自然选择的作用。然而,与遗传遗传不同,表观遗传修饰表现出不稳定性并且受环境影响。然后将这两个实例与植物生物学中其他可能代表对环境作出反应的表观遗传调控的现象进行比较。