Kishimoto Takeshi, Ando Juko, Tatara Seiki, Yamada Nobuhiro, Konishi Katsuya, Kimura Natsuko, Fukumori Akira, Tomonaga Masaki
Faculty of Liberal Arts, University of the Sacred Heart, Tokyo, Japan.
Faculty of Letters, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2014 Sep 9;4:6306. doi: 10.1038/srep06306.
In April 2009, a female chimpanzee named Sango, living in a captive group at the Noichi Zoo, Japan, gave birth to dizygotic male-female twin chimpanzees (male: Daiya, female: Sakura). The extent to which adult group members cared for the twins was investigated using a focal animal sampling method targeting six adults (one male) when the twin chimpanzees were two years old. Data were collected for an average of 6.78 h (SD = 0.79) per focal participant. An unaffiliated female adult of Sango was engaged in parenting Sakura as much as Sango. Given that Sakura was in lesser proximity to Sango than Daiya, Sakura's departures from her mother and her ability to gesture requests might have enabled non-kin adults to provide her care.
2009年4月，日本野市动物园圈养群体中的一只名为桑戈的雌性黑猩猩产下了一对异卵雄性和雌性双胞胎黑猩猩（雄性：大雅，雌性：小樱）。当双胞胎黑猩猩两岁时，采用焦点动物取样法，针对六只成年黑猩猩（一只雄性），调查了成年群体成员对双胞胎的照顾程度。每位焦点参与者平均收集数据6.78小时（标准差 = 0.79）。与桑戈无关的一位成年雌性黑猩猩对小樱的养育程度与桑戈一样。鉴于小樱与桑戈的距离比大雅与桑戈的距离更远，小樱离开母亲的情况以及她做出手势请求的能力可能使非亲属成年黑猩猩能够照顾她。
