Lonsdorf Elizabeth V, Anderson Karen E, Stanton Margaret A, Shender Marisa, Heintz Matthew R, Goodall Jane, Murray Carson M
Department of Psychology and Biological Foundations of Behavior Program, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, PA, U.S.A ; Lester E. Fisher Center for the Study and Conservation of Apes, Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, IL, U.S.A.
Lester E. Fisher Center for the Study and Conservation of Apes, Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, IL, U.S.A.
Anim Behav. 2014 Feb;88:79-83. doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.11.015.
Sex differences in the behaviour of human children are a hotly debated and often controversial topic. However, several recent studies have documented a biological basis to key aspects of child social behaviour. To further explore the evolutionary basis of such differences, we investigated sex differences in sociability in wild chimpanzee, , infants at Gombe National Park, Tanzania. We used a long-term data set on mother-infant behaviour to analyse the diversity of infant chimpanzee social partners from age 30 to 36 months. Male infants ( = 12) interacted with significantly more individuals than female infants did ( = 8), even when maternal sociability was controlled for. Furthermore, male infants interacted with significantly more adult males than female infants did. Our data indicate that the well-documented sex differences in adult chimpanzee social tendencies begin to appear quite early in development. Furthermore, these data suggest that the behavioural sex differences of human children are fundamentally rooted in our biological and evolutionary heritage.
人类儿童行为中的性别差异是一个备受争议且常常存在争议的话题。然而，最近的几项研究记录了儿童社会行为关键方面的生物学基础。为了进一步探究此类差异的进化基础，我们调查了坦桑尼亚贡贝国家公园野生黑猩猩婴儿的社交性别的差异。我们使用了一个关于母婴行为的长期数据集，来分析30至36个月大的黑猩猩婴儿社交伙伴的多样性。即使在控制了母亲的社交性之后，雄性婴儿（n = 12）与比雌性婴儿（n = 8）显著更多的个体进行互动。此外，雄性婴儿与成年雄性的互动明显多于雌性婴儿。我们的数据表明，成年黑猩猩社会倾向中充分记录的性别差异在发育过程中很早就开始出现。此外，这些数据表明，人类儿童的行为性别差异从根本上植根于我们的生物学和进化遗产。
