Seidl Kati, Leimer Nadja, Palheiros Marques Miguel, Furrer Alexandra, Senn Gabriela, Holzmann-Bürgel Anne, Matt Ulrich, Zinkernagel Annelies S
Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Int J Med Microbiol. 2014 Nov;304(8):1118-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2014.08.005. Epub 2014 Aug 19.
USA300 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the most prevalent MRSA in the United States of America (USA) and a global epidemic threat. We investigated the prevalence of USA300 at a tertiary care hospital in Zurich, Switzerland, where all MRSA strains have been collected and PFGE typed since 1992. These strains were retrospectively compared to the PFGE pattern of USA300 strain JE2. Isolates with a respective PFGE pattern were spa-typed and tested for the presence of the arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) arc gene cluster and Panton-Valentine Leucocidin (PVL) genes. The first MRSA strain with a USA300 PFGE pattern was isolated in 2001 from a patient visiting from the USA. USA300 strains represented between 0% (in 2002) and 9.2% (in 2012) of all MRSA isolates in our hospital. We identified various USA300 subtypes based on either the PFGE pattern, the spa-type or absence of either the PVL genes or ACME arc gene cluster. All the USA300 strains including the variants (n=47) accounted for 5.6% of all MRSA isolates typed between 2001 and 2013 and reached a maximum of 14.5% in 2009. They predominantly caused skin and soft tissue infections (74.4%). In conclusion, even though USA300 has been present in our hospital for over twelve years it has not become the predominant MRSA clone like in the USA. However, in light of the global burden of USA300, care must be taken to further contain the spread of this lineage and of MRSA in general in our hospital.
USA300耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）是美国最普遍的MRSA，也是一种全球流行威胁。我们调查了瑞士苏黎世一家三级护理医院中USA300的流行情况，自1992年以来，该医院收集了所有MRSA菌株并进行了脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）分型。将这些菌株与USA300菌株JE2的PFGE图谱进行回顾性比较。具有相应PFGE图谱的分离株进行spa分型，并检测精氨酸分解代谢移动元件（ACME）弧基因簇和杀白细胞素（PVL）基因的存在情况。2001年从一名来自美国的就诊患者中分离出第一株具有USA300 PFGE图谱的MRSA菌株。USA300菌株在我们医院所有MRSA分离株中所占比例在0%（2002年）至9.2%（2012年）之间。我们根据PFGE图谱、spa分型或PVL基因及ACME弧基因簇的缺失情况确定了各种USA300亚型。包括变体在内的所有USA300菌株（n = 47）占2001年至2013年所有分型MRSA分离株的5.6%，2009年最高达到14.5%。它们主要引起皮肤和软组织感染（74.4%）。总之，尽管USA300在我们医院已存在超过十二年，但它并未像在美国那样成为主要的MRSA克隆。然而，鉴于USA300的全球负担，必须注意进一步遏制该谱系以及我们医院中MRSA的总体传播。
