Waldie Karen E, Thompson John Md, Mia Yasmine, Murphy Rinki, Wall Clare, Mitchell Edwin A
School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
J Headache Pain. 2014 Sep 10;15(1):60. doi: 10.1186/1129-2377-15-60.
Though migraine and tension type headache are both commonly diagnosed in childhood, little is known about their determinants when diagnosed prior to puberty onset. Our aim was to determine psychosocial- and health-related risk factors of migraine and tension-type headache in 11 year old children.
871 New Zealand European children were enrolled in a longitudinal study at birth and data were collected at birth, 1, 3.5, 7, and 11 years of age. Primary headache was determined at age 11 years based on the International Headache Society. Perinatal factors assessed were small for gestational age status, sex, maternal smoking during pregnancy, maternal perceived stress, and maternal school leaving age. Childhood factors assessed were sleep duration, percent body fat, television watching, parent and self-reported total problem behaviour, being bullied, and depression.
Prevalence of migraine and tension-type headache was 10.5% and 18.6%, respectively. Both migraine and TTH were significantly associated with self-reported problem behaviour in univariable logistic regression analyses. Additionally, migraine was associated with reduced sleep duration, and both sleep and behaviour problems remained significant after multivariable analyses. TTH was also significantly associated with antenatal maternal smoking, higher body fat, and being bullied. For TTH, problem behaviour measured at ages 3.5 and 11 years both remained significant after multivariable analysis. Being born small for gestational age was not associated with either headache group.
Although they share some commonality, migraine and tension-type headache are separate entities in childhood with different developmental characteristics. The association between primary headache and problem behaviour requires further investigation.
尽管偏头痛和紧张型头痛在儿童期都很常见，但对于青春期前诊断出的这两种疾病的决定因素知之甚少。我们的目的是确定11岁儿童偏头痛和紧张型头痛的心理社会及健康相关危险因素。
871名新西兰欧洲裔儿童在出生时被纳入一项纵向研究，并在出生时、1岁、3.5岁、7岁和11岁时收集数据。根据国际头痛协会标准在11岁时确定原发性头痛。评估的围产期因素包括小于胎龄状态、性别、孕期母亲吸烟、母亲感知压力和母亲离校年龄。评估的儿童期因素包括睡眠时间、体脂百分比、看电视时间、父母及自我报告的总问题行为、受欺负情况和抑郁情况。
偏头痛和紧张型头痛的患病率分别为10.5%和18.6%。在单变量逻辑回归分析中，偏头痛和紧张型头痛均与自我报告的问题行为显著相关。此外，偏头痛与睡眠时间减少有关，多变量分析后睡眠和行为问题仍然显著。紧张型头痛还与产前母亲吸烟、较高的体脂和受欺负显著相关。对于紧张型头痛，3.5岁和11岁时测量的问题行为在多变量分析后均仍然显著。小于胎龄出生与任何一组头痛均无关联。
尽管偏头痛和紧张型头痛有一些共同之处，但它们在儿童期是不同的实体，具有不同的发展特征。原发性头痛与问题行为之间的关联需要进一步研究。
