Hagvall Lina, Bråred Christensson Johanna
Department of Dermatology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gröna Stråket 16, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Contact Dermatitis. 2014 Nov;71(5):280-8. doi: 10.1111/cod.12293. Epub 2014 Sep 11.
The fragrance compound geraniol is susceptible to autoxidation when in contact with air, and to cutaneous metabolism. In both processes, the isomeric aldehydes geranial and neral are formed. Citral consists of geranial and neral. Among patients with positive reactions to citral, we have previously detected concomitant reactions to geraniol in 85% of cases and to oxidized geraniol in 73% of cases.
To study the pattern of concomitant reactions to geraniol and citral and its isomers geranial and neral, and to determine whether these isomers are important sensitizers in contact allergy to geraniol and oxidized geraniol.
The irritancy of geranial and citral was studied. Six hundred and fifty-five patients were patch tested with geranial, neral and citral at 3.5% pet., pure geraniol at 6.0% and 11.0% pet., and oxidized geraniol at 6.0% pet.
Twenty-six per cent of citral-positive patients reacted to oxidized geraniol, and 10.5% reacted to pure geraniol. Citral and/or its isomers gave positive reactions in 25% of the patients who reacted to pure geraniol.
There is little cross-reactivity between pure geraniol and citral; however, concomitant reactions to citral and oxidized geraniol were common, owing to geranial. Geranial was also the main sensitizer in the mixture citral.
香料化合物香叶醇在与空气接触时易发生自动氧化，并易被皮肤代谢。在这两个过程中，会形成异构醛香叶醛和橙花醛。柠檬醛由香叶醛和橙花醛组成。在对柠檬醛呈阳性反应的患者中，我们之前检测到85%的病例同时对香叶醇呈反应，73%的病例同时对氧化香叶醇呈反应。
研究对香叶醇和柠檬醛及其异构体香叶醛和橙花醛的伴随反应模式，并确定这些异构体在香叶醇和氧化香叶醇接触性过敏中是否为重要的致敏原。
研究了香叶醛和柠檬醛的刺激性。655名患者用3.5%凡士林的香叶醛、橙花醛和柠檬醛、6.0%和11.0%凡士林的纯香叶醇以及6.0%凡士林的氧化香叶醇进行斑贴试验。
26%对柠檬醛呈阳性反应的患者对氧化香叶醇呈反应，10.5%对纯香叶醇呈反应。在对纯香叶醇呈反应的患者中，25%对柠檬醛和/或其异构体呈阳性反应。
纯香叶醇和柠檬醛之间几乎没有交叉反应；然而，由于香叶醛的存在，对柠檬醛和氧化香叶醇的伴随反应很常见。香叶醛也是柠檬醛混合物中的主要致敏原。
