Kundel H L, Nodine C F, Krupinski E A
Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6086.
Invest Radiol. 1989 Jun;24(6):472-8.
Eye position recordings made while radiologists searched chest images for lung nodules showed that regions falsely reported positive or suspicious received prolonged visual attention. Correlation of regional fixation dwell time with independent ratings of image features indicated that more than 90% of false-positive decisions were caused by some perturbation in the image that aroused the suspicion of the viewer. The remainder apparently arose from within the viewer. Most missed nodules (false-negative reports) also received prolonged visual attention, implying an active decision not to perceive a nodule. The data are interpreted to show that roughly one task-related decision is made during each second of scanning a radiograph. This departs from the central assumption of the traditional signal-detection model based upon one decision per image.
在放射科医生在胸部图像中搜索肺结节时进行的眼位记录显示，被错误报告为阳性或可疑的区域会受到长时间的视觉关注。区域注视停留时间与图像特征的独立评级之间的相关性表明，超过90%的假阳性判定是由图像中的某些干扰引起的，这些干扰引起了观察者的怀疑。其余的显然源于观察者自身。大多数漏诊的结节（假阴性报告）也受到了长时间的视觉关注，这意味着做出了不察觉结节的主动决定。这些数据被解释为表明，在扫描一张X光片的每秒时间里大约会做出一个与任务相关的决定。这与基于每张图像一个决定的传统信号检测模型的核心假设不同。
