匈牙利牛焦虫病再度出现：分歧巴贝斯虫的病原学作用是否已被大型巴贝斯虫和水牛泰勒虫取代？
Re-emergence of bovine piroplasmosis in Hungary: has the etiological role of Babesia divergens been taken over by B. major and Theileria buffeli?
作者信息
Hornok Sándor, Mester Anita, Takács Nóra, Fernández de Mera Isabel G, de la Fuente José, Farkas Róbert
机构信息
Department of Parasitology and Zoology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2014 Sep 11;7:434. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-434.
BACKGROUND
The prevalence of bovine babesiosis caused by Babesia divergens has been declining during the past decades in northeastern Hungary, and no cases have been observed since 2008. Infections of cattle with B. major and Theileria buffeli were hitherto reported in southern and western Europe. In other parts of the globe, there is evidence of emergence and a growing clinical importance of T. buffeli and closely related genotypes of the T. orientalis complex.
FINDINGS
In a herd of 88 beef cattle kept in northeastern Hungary, bovine piroplasmosis was diagnosed in nine animals through the examination of blood smears or by molecular methods. B. major was identified in five animals, two of which died. In addition, four cattle harboured T. buffeli, and one of these animals was anaemic. Despite their presence, a contributory role of Anaplasma marginale and A. phagocytophilum could not be established in the disease cases.
CONCLUSIONS
In this study B. major and bovine theileriosis is reported for the first time in central-eastern Europe, where clinical cases were associated with a mild winter.
背景
在过去几十年中，匈牙利东北部由分歧巴贝斯虫引起的牛巴贝斯虫病发病率一直在下降，自2008年以来未观察到病例。此前在欧洲南部和西部报道过牛感染大型巴贝斯虫和水牛泰勒虫。在全球其他地区，有证据表明水牛泰勒虫以及东方泰勒虫复合体的密切相关基因型正在出现且临床重要性日益增加。
研究结果
在匈牙利东北部饲养的一群88头肉牛中，通过血液涂片检查或分子方法在9只动物中诊断出牛梨形虫病。在5只动物中鉴定出大型巴贝斯虫，其中2只死亡。此外，4头牛感染了水牛泰勒虫，其中1只动物贫血。尽管存在这些病原体，但在这些病例中无法确定边缘无形体和嗜吞噬细胞无形体的致病作用。
结论
本研究首次在中东欧报道了大型巴贝斯虫和牛泰勒虫病，临床病例与温和冬季有关。
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