Hickey James M, Genway Sam
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2014 Aug;90(2):022107. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.90.022107. Epub 2014 Aug 8.
We derive fluctuation relations for a many-body quantum system prepared in a generalized Gibbs ensemble subject to a general nonequilibrium protocol. By considering isolated integrable systems, we find generalizations to the Tasaki-Crooks and Jarzynski relations. Our approach is illustrated by studying the one-dimensional quantum Ising model subject to a sudden change in the transverse field, where we find that the statistics of the work done and irreversible entropy show signatures of quantum criticality. We discuss these fluctuation relations in the context of thermalization.
我们推导了在广义吉布斯系综中制备的多体量子系统在一般非平衡协议下的涨落关系。通过考虑孤立可积系统,我们找到了对塔asaki - 克鲁克斯关系和雅津斯基关系的推广。通过研究一维量子伊辛模型在横向场突然变化下的情况来说明我们的方法,在该模型中我们发现所做功的统计和不可逆熵呈现出量子临界性的特征。我们在热化的背景下讨论这些涨落关系。