Halioua Bruno, Lobel Bernard
Institut Alfred-Fournier, service de dermatologie, 75014 Paris, France.
CHRU Pontchaillou, service d'urologie, 35033 Rennes, France.
Presse Med. 2014 Nov;43(11):1168-73. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2014.04.021. Epub 2014 Sep 11.
Circumcision, the oldest and most frequently performed surgery in the world, is the subject of controversies. The aim of this study was to conduct a general review of circumcision in the light of the ten questions most frequently raised in the medical community.
Automated search of scientific articles published has been used by interviewing computer databases Medline and Embase from 1990 to 2013.
The results of three randomized controlled trials have provided information on preventive contributory role of this medical male circumcision. This intervention reduces the risk of acquiring HIV infection, HSV2 infection and the carrier prevalence of HPV. Male circumcision has proven to be effective in reducing the risks of penile cancer and cervical cancer in female partners of circumcised men, urinary tract infections in infants and children. Complications are rare.
The health benefits of circumcision balance the procedure's risks. Circumcision could be considered as a kind of "surgical vaccine", especially in developing countries to prevent the transmission of HIV infection.
包皮环切术是世界上最古老且实施最为频繁的手术，一直备受争议。本研究旨在根据医学界最常提出的十个问题，对包皮环切术进行全面综述。
通过检索计算机数据库Medline和Embase，自动搜索1990年至2013年发表的科学文章。
三项随机对照试验的结果提供了关于男性包皮环切术预防作用的信息。这种干预措施可降低感染艾滋病毒、单纯疱疹病毒2型的风险以及人乳头瘤病毒的携带率。事实证明，男性包皮环切术能有效降低阴茎癌风险以及接受环切术男性女性伴侣患宫颈癌的风险，还能降低婴幼儿尿路感染的风险。并发症很少见。
包皮环切术的健康益处大于手术风险。包皮环切术可被视为一种“手术疫苗”，尤其是在发展中国家，用于预防艾滋病毒感染的传播。
