Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
J Hazard Mater. 2014 Sep 15;280:595-602. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.08.016. Epub 2014 Aug 23.
Bioremediation is a potentially cost-effective solution for petroleum contamination in cold region sites. This study investigates the extent of biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons (C16-C34) in a pilot-scale biopile experiment conducted at 15°C for periods up to 385 days, with a clayey soil, from a crude oil-impacted site in northern Canada. Although several studies on bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soils from cold region sites have been reported for coarse-textured, sandy soils, there are limited studies of bioremediation of petroleum contamination in fine-textured, clayey soils. Our results indicate that aeration and moisture addition was sufficient for achieving 47% biodegradation and an endpoint of 530 mg/kg for non-volatile (C16-C34) petroleum hydrocarbons. Nutrient amendment with 95 mg-N/kg showed no significant effect on biodegradation compared to a control system without nutrient but similar moisture content. In contrast, in a biopile amended with 1340 mg-N/kg, no statistically significant biodegradation of non-volatile fraction was detected. Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) analyses of alkB and 16S rRNA genes revealed that inhibition of hydrocarbon biodegradation was associated with a lack of change in microbial community composition. Overall, our data suggests that biopiles are feasible for attaining the bioremediation endpoint in clayey soils. Despite the significantly lower biodegradation rate of 0.009 day(-1) in biopile tank compared to 0.11 day(-1) in slurry bioreactors for C16-C34 hydrocarbons, the biodegradation extents for this fraction were comparable in these two systems.
生物修复是一种在寒冷地区场地处理石油污染的具有成本效益的潜在解决方案。本研究在加拿大北部一个受原油影响的地点，对一个长达 385 天的、在 15°C 下进行的中试规模生物堆实验，调查了石油烃（C16-C34）的生物降解程度，所用土壤为粉质黏土。尽管已有一些关于来自寒冷地区场地的受石油烃污染土壤的生物修复研究报道了粗质地、沙质土壤，但对细质地、粉质黏土中的石油污染的生物修复研究有限。我们的研究结果表明，充气和水分添加足以实现 47%的生物降解和 530mg/kg 的非挥发性（C16-C34）石油烃终点。与没有养分但具有相似水分含量的对照系统相比，添加 95mg-N/kg 的养分对生物降解没有显著影响。相比之下，在添加了 1340mg-N/kg 的生物堆中，未检测到非挥发性部分的统计上显著生物降解。alkB 和 16S rRNA 基因的末端限制性片段长度多态性（T-RFLP）分析表明，烃类生物降解的抑制与微生物群落组成的变化缺乏有关。总的来说，我们的数据表明，生物堆在粉质黏土中实现生物修复终点是可行的。尽管生物堆罐中 C16-C34 烃的生物降解率明显较低（0.009 天（-1）），而在浆状生物反应器中为 0.11 天（-1），但这两个系统中该部分的生物降解程度相当。
