Germaine Kieran J, Byrne John, Liu Xuemei, Keohane Jer, Culhane John, Lally Richard D, Kiwanuka Samuel, Ryan David, Dowling David N
Department of Science and Health, Centre of Research and Enterprise in BioEnvironmental Technologies, The Dargan Centre, Institute of Technology Carlow Carlow, Ireland.
MicroGen Biotech Ltd, Enterprise and Research Incubation Campus, Centre for Research and Innovation Carlow, Ireland.
Front Plant Sci. 2015 Jan 5;5:756. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00756. eCollection 2014.
Biopiling is an ex situ bioremediation technology that has been extensively used for remediating a wide range of petrochemical contaminants in soils. Biopiling involves the assembling of contaminated soils into piles and stimulating the biodegrading activity of microbial populations by creating near optimum growth conditions. Phytoremediation is another very successful bioremediation technique and involves the use of plants and their associated microbiomes to degrade, sequester or bio-accumulate pollutants from contaminated soil and water. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a combined phytoremediation/biopiling system, termed Ecopiling, to remediate hydrocarbon impacted industrial soil. The large scale project was carried out on a sandy loam, petroleum impacted soil [1613 mg total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) kg(-1) soil]. The contaminated soil was amended with chemical fertilizers, inoculated with TPH degrading bacterial consortia and then used to construct passive biopiles. Finally, a phyto-cap of perennial rye grass (Lolium perenne) and white clover (Trifolium repens) was sown on the soil surface to complete the Ecopile. Monitoring of important physico-chemical parameters was carried out at regular intervals throughout the trial. Two years after construction the TPH levels in the petroleum impacted Ecopiles were below detectable limits in all but one subsample (152 mg TPH kg(-1) soil). The Ecopile system is a multi-factorial bioremediation process involving bio-stimulation, bio-augmentation and phytoremediation. One of the key advantages to this system is the reduced costs of the remediation process, as once constructed, there is little additional cost in terms of labor and maintenance (although the longer process time may incur additional monitoring costs). The other major advantage is that many ecological functions are rapidly restored to the site and the process is esthetically pleasing.
生物堆肥是一种异位生物修复技术，已被广泛用于修复土壤中的各种石化污染物。生物堆肥包括将受污染的土壤堆积成堆，并通过创造接近最佳生长条件来刺激微生物种群的生物降解活性。植物修复是另一种非常成功的生物修复技术，它利用植物及其相关的微生物群落从受污染的土壤和水中降解、隔离或生物积累污染物。本研究的目的是调查一种称为生态堆肥的植物修复/生物堆肥联合系统修复受烃类影响的工业土壤的有效性。该大型项目在一种砂壤土、受石油污染的土壤[总石油烃（TPH）含量为1613毫克/千克土壤]上进行。向受污染的土壤中添加化肥，接种TPH降解细菌菌群，然后用于建造被动生物堆。最后，在土壤表面播种多年生黑麦草（Lolium perenne）和白三叶（Trifolium repens）的植物覆盖层，以完成生态堆。在整个试验过程中定期监测重要的物理化学参数。建造两年后，除一个子样本（TPH含量为152毫克/千克土壤）外，受石油污染的生态堆中的TPH水平均低于检测限。生态堆系统是一个涉及生物刺激、生物强化和植物修复的多因素生物修复过程。该系统的一个关键优势是修复过程成本降低，因为一旦建成，在劳动力和维护方面几乎没有额外成本（尽管较长的处理时间可能会产生额外的监测成本）。另一个主要优势是该场地的许多生态功能迅速恢复，而且该过程在美观上令人愉悦。
