Greenwood J, Broadbent J, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M
Deakin University, School of Psychology, Australia.
Deakin University, School of Psychology, Australia.
Eat Behav. 2014 Dec;15(4):582-5. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.08.017. Epub 2014 Aug 27.
This study utilised the preload paradigm to evaluate whether dietary restraint, impulsivity, or their interaction significantly predicts heightened food consumption among male and/or female participants. Following a high calorie preload, 79 participants aged 18 to 40 (53 females and 26 males) completed a deceptive taste test and questionnaires measuring restraint and impulsivity levels. A series of hierarchical regressions were run, controlling for self-rated hunger levels. A significant negative association between level of restraint and food consumption post-preload was found for males, but this relationship was not significant for female participants. The hypothesis that impulsivity would directly predict heightened food consumption was not supported for either gender. However, impulsivity was found to significantly moderate the relationship between restraint and food intake in the male sample, but not the female, providing partial support for this hypothesis. Potential reasons for this gender-specific interaction effect of impulsivity and restraint for food consumption are discussed. More broadly, present findings highlight the need for further consideration of the role of impulsivity in undermining food intake of restrained eaters. Future research should also consider how preload effects may differ across gender.
本研究采用预负荷范式来评估饮食节制、冲动性或它们之间的相互作用是否能显著预测男性和/或女性参与者中食物摄入量的增加。在摄入高热量预负荷后，79名年龄在18至40岁之间的参与者（53名女性和26名男性）完成了一项欺骗性味觉测试以及测量节制和冲动性水平的问卷调查。进行了一系列分层回归分析，并控制了自我报告的饥饿水平。研究发现，男性的节制水平与预负荷后食物摄入量之间存在显著的负相关，但这种关系在女性参与者中并不显著。冲动性会直接预测食物摄入量增加这一假设在两种性别中均未得到支持。然而，研究发现冲动性在男性样本中显著调节了节制与食物摄入量之间的关系，但在女性样本中并非如此，这为该假设提供了部分支持。文中讨论了冲动性和节制对食物消费产生这种性别特异性相互作用效应的潜在原因。更广泛地说，目前的研究结果凸显了进一步考虑冲动性在破坏节制饮食者食物摄入量方面作用的必要性。未来的研究还应考虑预负荷效应在不同性别之间可能存在的差异。
