Kopelman Michael D
King's College, London, UK.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2015 Jul;54:46-56. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.08.014. Epub 2014 Sep 16.
In this review, the clinical, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging findings in the alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome and in thalamic amnesia, resulting from focal infarction, are compared. In both disorders, there is controversy over what is the critical site for anterograde amnesia to occur-damage to the anterior thalamus/mammillo-thalamic tract has most commonly been cited, but damage to the medio-dorsal nuclei has also been advocated. Both syndromes show 'core' features of an anterograde amnesic syndrome; but retrograde amnesia is generally much more extensive (going back many years or decades) in the Korsakoff syndrome. Likewise, spontaneous confabulation occurs more commonly in the Korsakoff syndrome, although seen in only a minority of chronic cases. These differences are attributed to the greater prevalence of frontal atrophy and frontal damage in Korsakoff cases.
在本综述中，对酒精性柯萨科夫综合征以及由局灶性梗死导致的丘脑性遗忘症的临床、神经心理学和神经影像学研究结果进行了比较。在这两种病症中，关于顺行性遗忘发生的关键部位存在争议——最常被提及的是前丘脑/乳头体丘脑束受损，但也有人主张是背内侧核受损。两种综合征均表现出顺行性遗忘综合征的“核心”特征；但柯萨科夫综合征中的逆行性遗忘通常更为广泛（可追溯到许多年或数十年前）。同样，自发性虚构在柯萨科夫综合征中更常见，尽管仅在少数慢性病例中出现。这些差异归因于柯萨科夫病例中额叶萎缩和额叶损伤的发生率更高。
