Ashton Lee M, Hutchesson Melinda J, Rollo Megan E, Morgan Philip J, Collins Clare E
School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan Campus, Newcastle, Australia.
BMC Public Health. 2014 Sep 16;14:957. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-957.
Young adult males commonly engage in risky behaviours placing them at risk of acute and chronic health conditions. The purpose of this scoping review was to provide an overview of existing literature, describing the interventions targeting risk behaviours in young adult males.
A search of seven electronic databases, grey literature and relevant journals reported in English language until May 2013 was conducted. All interventions that promoted healthy behaviours or reductions in risky behaviours to treat or prevent an associated health issue(s) in young adult males (17-35 years) in upper-middle and high-income countries were included. For inclusion the appropriate age range had to be reported and the sample had to be young adult male participants only or the outcomes reported with stratification by age and/or sex to include young adult males. Risk behaviours included: physical inactivity, poor diet, alcohol use, tobacco smoking, recreational drug use, unsafe sexual behaviours, tanning/sun exposure, violence, unsafe vehicle driving, gambling and self-harm.
The search strategy identified 16,739 unique citations and the full-text of 1149 studies were retrieved and screened with 100 included studies focussed on: physical inactivity (27%), alcohol use (25%), unsafe sexual behaviour (21%), poor diet (5%), unsafe vehicle driving (5%), tobacco smoking (4%), recreational drug use (2%), and tanning/sun exposure (1%) with no relevant studies targeting violence, gambling or self-harm. Also 10% of the studies targeted multiple risk behaviours. The most common study design was randomized controlled trials (62%). Face-to-face was the most common form of intervention delivery (71%) and the majority were conducted in university/college settings (46%). There were 46 studies (46%) that included young adult male participants only, the remaining studies reported outcomes stratified by age and/or sex.
Risk behaviours in young men have been targeted to some extent, but the amount of research varies across risk behaviours. There is a need for more targeted and tailored interventions that seek to promote healthy behaviours or decrease risky behaviours in young men.
年轻成年男性通常会从事危险行为，使他们面临急性和慢性健康问题的风险。本范围综述的目的是概述现有文献，描述针对年轻成年男性危险行为的干预措施。
检索了七个电子数据库、灰色文献以及截至2013年5月以英文报道的相关期刊。纳入所有旨在促进健康行为或减少危险行为以治疗或预防中高收入国家年轻成年男性（17 - 35岁）相关健康问题的干预措施。纳入标准为必须报告适当的年龄范围，样本必须仅为年轻成年男性参与者，或者报告的结果按年龄和/或性别分层以纳入年轻成年男性。危险行为包括：缺乏身体活动、饮食不良、饮酒、吸烟、使用消遣性药物、不安全的性行为、晒黑/暴露于阳光下、暴力、不安全驾驶车辆、赌博和自我伤害。
检索策略识别出16,739条独特的引文，检索并筛选了1149项研究的全文，其中100项纳入研究聚焦于：缺乏身体活动（27%）、饮酒（25%）、不安全的性行为（21%）、饮食不良（5%）、不安全驾驶车辆（5%）、吸烟（4%）、使用消遣性药物（2%）以及晒黑/暴露于阳光下（1%），没有针对暴力、赌博或自我伤害的相关研究。此外，10%的研究针对多种危险行为。最常见的研究设计是随机对照试验（62%）。面对面是最常见的干预实施形式（71%），且大多数研究在大学/学院环境中进行（46%）。有46项研究（46%）仅纳入了年轻成年男性参与者，其余研究报告的结果按年龄和/或性别分层。
年轻男性的危险行为在一定程度上已成为研究对象，但不同危险行为的研究数量有所不同。需要更多有针对性和量身定制的干预措施，以促进年轻男性的健康行为或减少其危险行为。
