McManus M S, Koenig J Q, Altman L C, Pierson W E
Department of Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1989 Mar;83(3):619-26. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(89)90074-2.
In this study we examined the potential short-term effect of sulfur dioxide (SO2) on total respiratory resistance and forced expiratory volume in patients with nonallergic asthma. A group of nine adult subjects with nonallergic asthma, 55 years of age or older, were exposed to SO2 at 0, 0.5, and 1.0 ppm for 20 minutes at rest followed by 10 minutes during light-moderate exercise. The measures of pulmonary function assessed were FEV1, specific total respiratory resistance (SRT), and maximal expiratory flow rates at 50% (Vmax50) and 75% (Vmax75) of expired vital capacity. Measurements were made before exposure to SO2 (baseline), postresting exposure, postexercising exposure, and at 30 minutes thereafter (recovery). Repeat measure analysis of variance revealed a statistically significant dose-response effect of SO2 inhalation on FEV1 (p = 0.008), SRT (p = 0.033), Vmax50 (p = 0.017), and Vmax75 (p = 0.048). Eight subjects had repeat exposure to SO2 at 1.0 ppm after treatment with either placebo or ipratropium bromide, 60 micrograms by metered-dose inhaler. Inpratropium bromide treatment, compared to placebo treatment, resulted in a statistically significant improvement in all baseline measures of pulmonary function: FEV1 (p = 0.017), SRT (p = 0.027), Vmax50 (p = 0.018), and Vmax75 (p = 0.035). However, this drug did not significantly alter the proportionate change in pulmonary function caused by SO2 inhalation in these subjects. These findings indicate that adults with nonallergic asthma are sensitive to short-term low-level SO2 exposure and that treatment with 60 micrograms of ipratropium bromide causes significant bronchodilation but does not protect, completely, these patients from the effect of SO2 inhalation.
在本研究中，我们检测了二氧化硫（SO₂）对非过敏性哮喘患者总呼吸阻力和用力呼气量的潜在短期影响。一组9名年龄在55岁及以上的非过敏性哮喘成年受试者，在静息状态下分别暴露于0、0.5和1.0 ppm的SO₂中20分钟，随后在轻度至中度运动期间暴露10分钟。评估的肺功能指标包括第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV₁）、比总呼吸阻力（SRT）以及呼出肺活量50%（Vmax50）和75%（Vmax75）时的最大呼气流量。在暴露于SO₂之前（基线）、静息暴露后、运动暴露后以及此后30分钟（恢复）进行测量。重复测量方差分析显示，吸入SO₂对FEV₁（p = 0.008）、SRT（p = 0.033）、Vmax50（p = 0.017）和Vmax75（p = 0.048）具有统计学上显著的剂量反应效应。8名受试者在接受安慰剂或异丙托溴铵（通过定量吸入器吸入60微克）治疗后，再次暴露于1.0 ppm的SO₂中。与安慰剂治疗相比，异丙托溴铵治疗使所有肺功能基线指标均有统计学上显著的改善：FEV₁（p = 0.017）、SRT（p = 0.027）、Vmax50（p = 0.018）和Vmax75（p = 0.035）。然而，该药物并未显著改变这些受试者因吸入SO₂而导致的肺功能的相应变化。这些发现表明，非过敏性哮喘成年患者对短期低水平SO₂暴露敏感，吸入60微克异丙托溴铵可引起显著的支气管扩张，但不能完全保护这些患者免受吸入SO₂的影响。
