Imai Teppei, Kuwahara Keisuke, Nishihara Akiko, Nakagawa Tohru, Yamamoto Shuichiro, Honda Toru, Miyamoto Toshiaki, Kochi Takeshi, Eguchi Masafumi, Uehara Akihiko, Kuroda Reiko, Omoto Daisuke, Nagata Tomohisa, Pham Ngoc Minh, Kurotani Kayo, Nanri Akiko, Akter Shamima, Kabe Isamu, Mizoue Tetsuya, Sone Tomofumi, Dohi Seitaro
Azbil Corporation , Tokyo , Japan .
Chronobiol Int. 2014 Dec;31(10):1108-14. doi: 10.3109/07420528.2014.957298. Epub 2014 Sep 17.
Long working hours have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but its relationship with hypertension remains unclear. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between overtime and presence of hypertension using data from a large-scale multi-company study in Japan. Participants were 52 365 workers of four companies that provided both health-checkup data and self-reported data on overtime worked. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, and/or the use of antihypertensive drug. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the odds ratio for hypertension for each category of overtime work (<45, 45-79, 80-99 or ≥100 h/month) with adjustments for age, sex, company, smoking status and body mass index. The prevalence of hypertension tended to decrease with increasing overtime work: 17.5, 12.0, 11.1 and 9.1% for the shortest (<45 h/month) through the longest overtime category (≥100 h/month). The age-, sex- and company-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.00 (reference), 0.81 (0.75-0.86), 0.73 (0.62-0.86), 0.58 (0.44-0.76), respectively (p for linear trend <0.001). In a sub-cohort, the inverse association remained statistically significant after an additional adjustment for other potential confounders. Results of the present large-scale study among Japanese workers suggest an inverse association between overtime work and presence of hypertension.
长时间工作与心血管疾病风险增加有关，但其与高血压的关系仍不明确。本研究的目的是利用日本一项大型多公司研究的数据，探讨加班与高血压患病情况之间的关系。研究对象为四家公司的52365名员工，这些公司提供了健康检查数据以及关于加班时长的自我报告数据。高血压的定义为收缩压≥140 mmHg、舒张压≥90 mmHg和/或使用降压药物。进行逻辑回归分析，以确定每个加班类别（<45、45 - 79、80 - 99或≥100小时/月）患高血压的比值比，并对年龄、性别、公司、吸烟状况和体重指数进行了调整。高血压患病率倾向于随着加班时长增加而降低：从最短加班时长组（<45小时/月）的17.5%到最长加班时长组（≥100小时/月）的9.1%。经年龄、性别和公司调整后的比值比（95%置信区间）分别为1.00（参照）、0.81（0.75 - 0.86）、0.73（0.62 - 0.86）、0.58（0.44 - 0.76）（线性趋势p<0.001）。在一个亚队列中，在对其他潜在混杂因素进行额外调整后，这种反向关联在统计学上仍然显著。在日本员工中进行的这项大规模研究结果表明，加班工作与高血压患病情况之间存在反向关联。
