D'Andrea Antonello, La Gerche Andrè, Golia Enrica, Teske Arco J, Bossone Eduardo, Russo Maria Giovanna, Calabrò Raffaele, Baggish Aaron L
Chair of Cardiology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Echocardiography. 2015 Jan;32 Suppl 1:S11-22. doi: 10.1111/echo.12226. Epub 2014 Sep 19.
Long-term intensive exercise training programs lead to numerous progressive cardiac adaptations, which are collectively termed "athlete's heart." Noninvasive diagnostic techniques, such as color Doppler echocardiography, have been widely used in the analysis of the athlete's heart. Initial experiences focused mainly on left heart adaptations to training. However, in recent years, substantial structural and functional adaptations of the right heart have been documented. The present review article focuses on recent data defining right heart adaptation to short- and long-term periods of exercise training. Right ventricular (RV) morphology and function may be more profoundly affected by intense exercise and, in some cases, functional recovery may be incomplete. Moreover, there is speculation that such changes may represent a substrate for proarrhythmic RV remodeling in some highly trained athletes, even in the absence of a known familial redisposition.
长期的强化运动训练计划会导致心脏出现许多渐进性适应性变化，这些变化统称为“运动员心脏”。非侵入性诊断技术，如彩色多普勒超声心动图，已广泛应用于运动员心脏的分析。最初的研究主要集中在左心对训练的适应性变化。然而，近年来，已有文献记载右心出现了显著的结构和功能适应性变化。本文综述聚焦于近期有关短期和长期运动训练后右心适应性变化的数据。右心室（RV）的形态和功能可能会受到剧烈运动更深刻的影响，在某些情况下，功能恢复可能并不完全。此外，有人推测，即使在没有已知家族易患倾向的情况下，这些变化也可能是一些高水平训练运动员发生右室致心律失常性重塑的基础。
