Harriott Andrea M, Schwedt Todd J
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA,
Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2014 Nov;18(11):458. doi: 10.1007/s11916-014-0458-8.
Migraine is associated with derangements in perception of multiple sensory modalities including vision, hearing, smell, and somatosensation. Compared to people without migraine, migraineurs have lower discomfort thresholds in response to special sensory stimuli as well as to mechanical and thermal noxious stimuli. Likewise, the environmental triggers of migraine attacks, such as odors and flashing lights, highlight basal abnormalities in sensory processing and integration. These alterations in sensory processing and perception in migraineurs have been investigated via physiological studies and functional brain imaging studies. Investigations have demonstrated that migraineurs during and between migraine attacks have atypical stimulus-induced activations of brainstem, subcortical, and cortical regions that participate in sensory processing. A lack of normal habituation to repetitive stimuli during the interictal state and a tendency towards development of sensitization likely contribute to migraine-related alterations in sensory processing.
偏头痛与多种感觉模态（包括视觉、听觉、嗅觉和躯体感觉）的感知紊乱有关。与无偏头痛的人相比，偏头痛患者对特殊感觉刺激以及机械和热伤害性刺激的不适阈值更低。同样，偏头痛发作的环境触发因素，如气味和闪烁灯光，突显了感觉处理和整合方面的基础异常。通过生理学研究和功能性脑成像研究，对偏头痛患者感觉处理和感知的这些改变进行了调查。研究表明，偏头痛患者在偏头痛发作期间及发作间期，脑干、皮层下和皮层区域参与感觉处理的刺激诱导激活存在异常。发作间期对重复刺激缺乏正常的习惯化以及出现敏化的倾向可能导致了偏头痛相关的感觉处理改变。
