Zhang Honglei, Zhu Xiaoquan, Guo Rui, Li Dapeng, Li Jia, Li Li
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2014 Jul;28(13):968-71.
To study the incidence of hearing loss at high frequency and the related influence factors among the flight cadets.
Using multi-stage sampling method, 312 flight cadets were randomly selected from grade 2011,2012,2013. The level of binaural hearing threshold at 4 kHz, 6 kHz, 8 kHz were measured by hearing-assistant evaluative apparatus. Whether or not have hearing loss was chosen as dependent variable. Territory, smoking, dietary habit, previous history of tinnitus, the noise exposure time, the vestibular function and the psychological quality were chosen as independent vailables. T test, ANOVA and accumulative logistic regression were performed to analyze the factors influence on hearing impairment by software SPSS 18.0.
The morbidity of hearing impairment among flight cadets was 18.9%. Results from single factor analysis showed that the levels of hearing thresholds at 4 kHz, 6 kHz frequency had statistically significant differences between smoking group and non-smoking group (P < 0.05). The levels of hearing thresholds at 4 kHz frequency had statistically significant differences between spicy diet group and not spicy diet group (P < 0.05). The levels of hearing thresholds at 4 kHz, 6 kHz, 8 kHz frequency had statistically significant differences among different strong noise exposure groups (P < 0.05), and that at a same frequency hearing loss increased when noise exposing increased. The levels of hearing thresholds at 4 kHz, 6 kHz frequency had statistically significant difference among different vestibular function groups (P < 0.05). Results of accumulative logistics regression showed that smoking and strong noise exposure were risk factors causing hearing impairment at 4 kHz frequency, and excellent vestibular function seemed to be a preventive factor. Smoking and strong noise exposure were also risk factors causing hearing impairment at 6 kHz frequency.
Hearing impairment appears higher morbidity among flight cadets, and it has statistical correlation with smoking, strong noise exposure and vestibular function.
研究飞行学员高频听力损失的发生率及其相关影响因素。
采用多阶段抽样方法，从2011级、2012级、2013级飞行学员中随机抽取312名。用听力辅助评估仪测量双耳在4kHz、6kHz、8kHz频率的听阈水平。将是否有听力损失作为因变量，地域、吸烟、饮食习惯、既往耳鸣史、噪声暴露时间、前庭功能及心理素质作为自变量。运用软件SPSS 18.0进行t检验、方差分析及累积logistic回归分析影响听力损害的因素。
飞行学员听力损害患病率为18.9%。单因素分析结果显示，吸烟组与非吸烟组在4kHz、6kHz频率的听阈水平差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；辛辣饮食组与非辛辣饮食组在4kHz频率的听阈水平差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；不同强噪声暴露组在4kHz、6kHz、8kHz频率的听阈水平差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），且在同一频率随着噪声暴露增加听力损失加重；不同前庭功能组在4kHz、6kHz频率的听阈水平差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。累积logistic回归结果显示，吸烟和强噪声暴露是导致4kHz频率听力损害的危险因素，良好的前庭功能似乎是一个保护因素。吸烟和强噪声暴露也是导致6kHz频率听力损害的危险因素。
飞行学员听力损害患病率较高，且与吸烟、强噪声暴露及前庭功能存在统计学关联。
