Sabir A
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey.
Plant Biol (Stuttg). 2015 Mar;17(2):567-73. doi: 10.1111/plb.12266. Epub 2014 Dec 22.
Literature investigations indicate that the grapes have quite complex fertilisation biology. This complexity necessitates extensive investigations to obtain reliable knowledge for both well-organised hybridisation studies and maximising grape yield. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the influences of self-, free- and cross-pollination on berry and seed characteristics in grape. Five different pollination treatments were applied to 'Narince', the most widely known and popular white wine grape in Turkey. Pollen tests indicated that all the cultivars had satisfactory in vitro pollen viability percentages. Free-pollination produced a significantly higher percentage berry set. Among the pollinizers, the use of pollen of 'Thompson Seedless' and 'Cardinal' varieties resulted in higher berry set percentage in 'Narince'. The free-pollination was also superior in giving the highest weight, length and width of the berry, as well as number of seeds per berry. These findings revealed that there were strong xenial and metaxenial effects in the studied grape cultivars. Among the pollinizer cultivars, the most effective pollinator was 'Thompson Seedless'. Hence, for better berry set and quality, the use of 'Thompson Seedless' as a pollinizer may be an attractive option in both grape production and breeding studies.
文献研究表明，葡萄具有相当复杂的受精生物学特性。这种复杂性需要进行广泛的研究，以便为有序的杂交研究和最大限度提高葡萄产量获取可靠的知识。因此，本研究旨在探究自花授粉、自由授粉和异花授粉对葡萄果实和种子特性的影响。对土耳其最广为人知且最受欢迎的白葡萄酒葡萄品种“纳林切”进行了五种不同的授粉处理。花粉测试表明，所有品种的离体花粉活力百分比都令人满意。自由授粉产生的坐果率显著更高。在授粉品种中，使用“汤普森无核”和“红衣主教”品种的花粉可使“纳林切”的坐果率更高。自由授粉在果实重量、长度、宽度以及单果种子数量方面也表现最佳。这些结果表明，在所研究的葡萄品种中存在强烈的亲和效应和异株异花授粉效应。在授粉品种中，最有效的授粉者是“汤普森无核”。因此，为了获得更好的坐果率和果实品质，在葡萄生产和育种研究中，使用“汤普森无核”作为授粉者可能是一个有吸引力的选择。
