Guanxi forestry research institute, Nanning, Guanxi, China.
BMC Genomics. 2021 Aug 13;22(1):617. doi: 10.1186/s12864-021-07923-5.
Chestnut seeds are important kinds of edible nuts rich in starch and protein. The characteristics and nutrient contents of chestnut have been found to show obvious metaxenia effects in previous studies. To improve the understanding of the effect of metaxenia on chestnut starch and sucrose metabolism, this study used three varieties of chestnut, 'Yongfeng 1', 'YongRen Zao' and 'Yimen 1', as male parents to pollinate the female parent, 'Yongfeng 1', and investigated the mechanisms of starch and sucrose metabolism in three starch accumulation stages (70 (S1), 82 (S2), and 94 (S3) days after pollination, DAP) in chestnut seed kernels.
Most carbohydrate metabolism genes were highly expressed in YFF (self-pollinated 'Yongfeng 1') in stage S2 and in YFR ('Yongfeng 1' × 'Yongren Zao') and YFM ('Yongfeng 1' × 'Yimen 1') in stage S3. In stage S3, hub genes encoding HSF_DNA-binding, ACT, Pkinase, and LIM proteins and four transcription factors were highly expressed, with YFF showing the highest expression, followed by YFR and YFM. In addition, transcriptome analysis of the kernels at 70, 82 and 94 DAP showed that the starch granule-bound starch synthase (EC 2.4.1.242) and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (EC 2.7 .7.27) genes were actively expressed at 94 DAF. Chestnut seeds regulate the accumulation of soluble sugars, reducing sugars and starch by controlling glycosyl transferase and hydrolysis activity during development.
These results and resources have important guiding significance for further research on starch and sucrose metabolism and other types of metabolism related to chestnut metaxenia.
板栗种子是重要的食用坚果，富含淀粉和蛋白质。先前的研究发现，板栗的特性和营养成分表现出明显的杂种优势效应。为了提高对板栗淀粉和蔗糖代谢中杂种优势影响的认识，本研究以三个板栗品种（‘永丰 1’、‘永仁早’和‘宜门 1’）为父本，对母本‘永丰 1’进行授粉，研究了授粉后 70（S1）、82（S2）和 94（S3）天三个淀粉积累阶段（DAP）中板栗种子中淀粉和蔗糖代谢的机制。
在 S2 阶段，大多数碳水化合物代谢基因在自交的 YFF（‘永丰 1’）中高度表达，而在 YFR（‘永丰 1’ב永仁早’）和 YFM（‘永丰 1’ב宜门 1’）中高度表达。在 S3 阶段，编码 HSF_DNA 结合、ACT、Pkinase 和 LIM 蛋白和四个转录因子的关键基因高度表达，其中 YFF 的表达最高，其次是 YFR 和 YFM。此外，70、82 和 94 DAP 时的核转录组分析表明，淀粉粒结合淀粉合成酶（EC 2.4.1.242）和 ADP-葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶（EC 2.7.7.27）基因在 94 DAF 时表达活跃。板栗种子通过控制糖基转移酶和水解酶活性来调节发育过程中可溶性糖、还原糖和淀粉的积累。
这些结果和资源对进一步研究板栗杂种优势的淀粉和蔗糖代谢及其他类型的代谢具有重要的指导意义。
