转录相关诱变
Transcription-associated mutagenesis.
作者信息
Jinks-Robertson Sue, Bhagwat Ashok S
机构信息
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710; email:
出版信息
Annu Rev Genet. 2014;48:341-59. doi: 10.1146/annurev-genet-120213-092015. Epub 2014 Sep 10.
Abstract
Transcription requires unwinding complementary DNA strands, generating torsional stress, and sensitizing the exposed single strands to chemical reactions and endogenous damaging agents. In addition, transcription can occur concomitantly with the other major DNA metabolic processes (replication, repair, and recombination), creating opportunities for either cooperation or conflict. Genetic modifications associated with transcription are a global issue in the small genomes of microorganisms in which noncoding sequences are rare. Transcription likewise becomes significant when one considers that most of the human genome is transcriptionally active. In this review, we focus specifically on the mutagenic consequences of transcription. Mechanisms of transcription-associated mutagenesis in microorganisms are discussed, as is the role of transcription in somatic instability of the vertebrate immune system.
摘要
转录需要解开互补的DNA链，产生扭转应力，并使暴露的单链对化学反应和内源性损伤因子敏感。此外，转录可以与其他主要的DNA代谢过程（复制、修复和重组）同时发生，从而产生合作或冲突的机会。与转录相关的基因修饰在非编码序列稀少的微生物小基因组中是一个全局性问题。当考虑到人类基因组的大部分都具有转录活性时，转录同样变得重要起来。在这篇综述中，我们特别关注转录的诱变后果。我们将讨论微生物中转录相关诱变的机制，以及转录在脊椎动物免疫系统体细胞不稳定性中的作用。
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