Danilova I G, Sarapultsev P A, Medvedeva S U, Gette I F, Bulavintceva T S, Sarapultsev A P
Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the RAS, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation; Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation.
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2015 Feb;298(2):396-407. doi: 10.1002/ar.23052. Epub 2014 Oct 6.
The purpose of this study was to determine the specific features of the morphological restructuring of the myocardium in the early stage of experimental diabetes mellitus (DM). Experimental type 1 DM rat model was developed by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan solution at a dose of 30 mg per 100 g body mass. After 1 month, 3 mL of blood was drawn by heart puncture and the plasma separated by centrifugation for biochemical analysis. Plasma glucose, insulin, and glycosylated haemoglobin in whole blood were determined. Light microscopy and morphometric studies were conducted of histological slices of the hearts of experimental animals. The investigation of heart morphology showed a statistically significant alteration in chamber wall thickness in the right auricle in rats with alloxan-induced DM. A change in cardiomyocyte diameter in myocardium slices was observed in all chambers of DM rats except for the left ventricle. Average cardiomyocyte diameter in rats with experimental DM increased by 26.6% and 15.5% in the right auricle and right ventricle, respectively, while average cardiomyocyte diameter in the left auricle decreased by 20.8%. Histological investigation of the heart following alloxan injection demonstrated, under the epicardium, distended vessels of the venous collecting microcirculatory system. Aggregation and agglutination of red blood cells and endothelial cell destruction were found in some vessels. In the early stage of DM development, structural alterations in the microcirculatory channels and myocardiocytes can be observed in the heart. These structural alterations were most evident in the right chambers of the heart.
本研究的目的是确定实验性糖尿病（DM）早期心肌形态重构的具体特征。通过腹腔注射剂量为每100克体重30毫克的四氧嘧啶溶液建立实验性1型糖尿病大鼠模型。1个月后，通过心脏穿刺抽取3毫升血液，离心分离血浆进行生化分析。测定全血中的血糖、胰岛素和糖化血红蛋白。对实验动物心脏的组织切片进行光学显微镜检查和形态计量学研究。心脏形态学研究表明，四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病大鼠右心耳室壁厚度有统计学意义的改变。除左心室外，糖尿病大鼠所有心腔的心肌切片中心肌细胞直径均有变化。实验性糖尿病大鼠右心耳和右心室的平均心肌细胞直径分别增加了26.6%和15.5%，而左心耳的平均心肌细胞直径减少了20.8%。四氧嘧啶注射后心脏的组织学研究表明，在心外膜下，静脉收集微循环系统的血管扩张。在一些血管中发现红细胞聚集和凝集以及内皮细胞破坏。在糖尿病发展的早期阶段，心脏中可观察到微循环通道和心肌细胞的结构改变。这些结构改变在心脏的右心腔最为明显。
