Aparicio Estefania, Canals Josefa, Pérez Susana, Arija Victoria
1Unitat de Nutrició i Salut Pública, Facultad de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut,Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud Mental (NUTRISAM),Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV),Universitat Rovira i Virgili,C/San Llorenç 21,Reus 43201,Spain.
2Departament de Psicologia,Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud Mental (NUTRISAM),Research Centre for Behavioral Assessment (CRAMC),Universitat Rovira i Virgili,Tarragona,Spain.
Public Health Nutr. 2015 Jun;18(8):1461-73. doi: 10.1017/S1368980014002043. Epub 2014 Sep 25.
To assess the relationship between the degree of severity of eating disorders (ED) and energy and nutrient intakes and nutritional risk in a mixed-sex adolescent population without clinical symptoms.
Cross-sectional study.
Data were collected in schools.
Adolescents (n 495) aged 14·2 (sd 1·0) years. The Eating Attitudes Test was used to detect adolescents at risk of ED (rED) and a structured interview based on the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, was used to diagnose eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS). Dietary intake was quantified using the 24 h recall method over three days and the probability of inadequate intake was determined.
Females presented lower intakes of energy, macronutrients and micronutrients (Ca, Fe, Mg, K, P, Na, thiamin, vitamins E, C, B6, B12, pantothenic acid, folic acid) because the severity of their ED was greater. These lower dietary intakes led to nutritional risk (for Ca, Fe, Mg, P, vitamins A, D, B6) in more than 80 % and 60 % of females with EDNOS and rED, respectively. The multiple linear regression models showed that the rED and EDNOS groups presented a lower energy intake of 1597·4 kJ/d (381·8 kcal/d) and 3153·0 kJ/d (753·6 kcal/d), respectively. In contrast, little difference was observed in the nutritional intakes of males.
The female adolescents showed lower energy and nutrient intakes as the ED became more severe, which led to energy, vitamin and mineral deficiencies in a high percentage of females with ED. These nutritional risks could hinder adequate physical and psychological development and lead to chronic ED.
评估在无临床症状的混合性别的青少年人群中，饮食失调（ED）的严重程度与能量及营养素摄入量以及营养风险之间的关系。
横断面研究。
在学校收集数据。
年龄为14.2（标准差1.0）岁的青少年（n = 495）。使用饮食态度测试来检测有饮食失调风险（rED）的青少年，并采用基于《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第4版标准的结构化访谈来诊断未另行规定的饮食失调（EDNOS）。通过三天的24小时回顾法对饮食摄入量进行量化，并确定摄入不足的概率。
女性的能量、常量营养素和微量营养素（钙、铁、镁、钾、磷、钠、硫胺素、维生素E、C、B6、B12、泛酸、叶酸）摄入量较低，因为她们的饮食失调更为严重。这些较低的饮食摄入量分别导致超过80%的患有EDNOS的女性和60%的患有rED的女性存在营养风险（钙、铁、镁、磷、维生素A、D、B6）。多元线性回归模型显示，rED组和EDNOS组的能量摄入量分别较低，为1597.4千焦/天（381.8千卡/天）和3153.0千焦/天（753.6千卡/天）。相比之下，男性的营养摄入量差异不大。
女性青少年随着饮食失调变得更加严重，能量和营养素摄入量较低，这导致高比例的患有饮食失调的女性出现能量、维生素和矿物质缺乏。这些营养风险可能会阻碍身体和心理的充分发育，并导致慢性饮食失调。
