Micks Elizabeth, Prager Sarah
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Dec;57(4):751-62. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000057.
More than 1 million abortions are performed annually in the United States. Women presenting for abortion care are often motivated by the pregnancy to use effective contraception; they are also at high risk for repeat unintended pregnancy. For these reasons, abortion represents an optimal time to initiate effective contraception. There is strong evidence that most methods of contraception, including intrauterine devices and the contraceptive implant, should be initiated at the time of the abortion procedure. Most women ovulate within the first month after an abortion. If provision of contraception is delayed, women are less likely to use effective contraception and more likely to have a repeat unintended pregnancy. Although some methods of permanent contraception can be safely performed at the time of abortion, federal and state laws often restrict these procedures being performed concurrently. Contraceptive counseling and provision at the time of abortion are important strategies to decrease rates of unintended pregnancy.
在美国,每年进行超过100万例堕胎手术。寻求堕胎护理的女性通常因怀孕而有动力使用有效的避孕措施;她们再次意外怀孕的风险也很高。出于这些原因,堕胎是开始有效避孕的最佳时机。有强有力的证据表明,包括宫内节育器和避孕植入物在内的大多数避孕方法都应在堕胎手术时开始使用。大多数女性在堕胎后的第一个月内排卵。如果避孕措施的提供被推迟,女性使用有效避孕措施的可能性就会降低,再次意外怀孕的可能性就会增加。虽然一些永久性避孕方法可以在堕胎时安全地进行,但联邦和州法律通常限制这些手术同时进行。堕胎时的避孕咨询和避孕措施提供是降低意外怀孕率 的重要策略。