Gong Liang, Jiang Yueming, Chen Feng
Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, Guangdong Province, China.
Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.
J Sci Food Agric. 2015 Jul;95(9):1767-76. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.6935. Epub 2014 Oct 28.
Fusarium contamination is considered a major agricultural problem, which could not only significantly reduce yield and quality of agricultural products, but produce mycotoxins that are virulence factors responsible for many diseases of humans and farm animals. One strategy to identify toxigenic Fusarium species is the use of modern molecular methods, which include the analysis of DNA target regions for differentiation of the Fusarium species, particularly the mycotoxin-producing Fusarium species such as F. verticillioides and F. graminearum. Additionally, polymerase chain reaction assays are used to determine the genes involved in the biosynthesis of the toxins in order to facilitate a qualitative and quantitative detection of Fusarium-producing mycotoxins. Also, it is worth mentioning that some factors that modulate the biosynthesis of mycotoxins are not only determined by their biosynthetic gene clusters, but also by environmental conditions. Therefore, all of the aforementioned factors which may affect the molecular diagnosis of mycotoxins will be reviewed and discussed in this paper.
镰刀菌污染被认为是一个重大的农业问题，它不仅会显著降低农产品的产量和质量，还会产生霉菌毒素，这些毒素是导致人类和农场动物多种疾病的致病因素。鉴定产毒镰刀菌物种的一种策略是使用现代分子方法，其中包括分析DNA目标区域以区分镰刀菌物种，特别是产霉菌毒素的镰刀菌物种，如轮枝镰孢菌和禾谷镰孢菌。此外，聚合酶链反应测定法用于确定参与毒素生物合成的基因，以便于定性和定量检测产镰刀菌的霉菌毒素。另外，值得一提的是，一些调节霉菌毒素生物合成的因素不仅由其生物合成基因簇决定，还受环境条件影响。因此，本文将对所有上述可能影响霉菌毒素分子诊断的因素进行综述和讨论。
